危险品道路运输网络模型设计研究

发布时间：2018-08-25 14:29

【摘要】：随着国民经济的稳步发展,与工业、生活、交通、能源等领域息息相关的加工原料或辅料的危险品的需求量不断上升,与之相对应的危险品运输量不断攀升。危险品道路运输已经成为城市以及城市周边危险品运输的重要方式。由于城市道路、周边人口密度大、车流量大,一旦遇到危险品车辆在运输过程中发生事故而不能及时得到控制状况,道路及周边范围内可能会引起的群众伤亡以及对周边生态环境不利现象,继而导致财产损失,引起社会恐慌。因此,为了降低事故发生率、预防危险品道路事故发生,使危险品运输安全、经济的运输,有必要对危险品道路运输模型进行设计研究,进而对危险品道路运输网络进行优化。因此本文从主要从以下几方面展开:(1)对2005年3月到2015年12月道路危险品运输事故影响因素、事故的表现形式进行了详尽的分析,并归纳了事故发生影响因素。(2)对危险品道路运输事故表现形式进行总结,同时进一步划分危险品道路事故影响因素,分别从管理、人、车辆和环境四个主要影响因素进行分析,其次,对四个主要危险品运输事故影响因素细化,引入粗糙集理论,对导致事故发生的细化后的主要影响因素进行了主次性分析,从而揭示导致事故影响因素之间的主次性以及重要程度。(3)通过对危险品事故统计分析和基于粗糙集理论对主要影响因素的主次性分析,得到道路等因素对危险品道路运输网络规划有着重要的影响,从而考虑在运输网络中避开事故影响后果大的路段思路,在此基础上提出避开合成值(合成值为事故影响后果和成本的加权和)大路段的思路,即在合成值最大路段禁止通行,从而在运输网络上建立相应的危险品道路运输模型,继而形成考虑避开合成值最大路段的危险品道路运输网络双层规划网络模型,然后通过算例对模型进行可行性验证。(4)在部分路段禁行后的运输网络上,本文通过对合成值最大路段收取维护费用方法,即采取经济干预方法迫使危险品运输承运人选择合成值小的路段通行,在此基础上建立危险品道路运输模型,继而形成考虑政府收取费用的危险品道路运输网络双层规划模型,然后通过算例对模型进行可行性验证。
[Abstract]:With the steady development of the national economy, the demand for dangerous goods of processing raw materials or auxiliary materials, which are closely related to the fields of industry, life, transportation and energy, has been rising, and the corresponding dangerous goods transport volume has been rising. Road transport of dangerous goods has become an important way of transportation of dangerous goods in cities and surrounding cities. Because of the urban roads, the surrounding population density is high, the traffic flow is large, once encountered dangerous goods vehicles in the course of transportation accidents and can not be controlled in time, The road and its surrounding areas may cause casualties and adverse phenomena to the surrounding ecological environment, resulting in property losses and social panic. Therefore, in order to reduce the incidence of accidents, prevent dangerous goods road accidents, make dangerous goods transport safe and economical, it is necessary to design and study the dangerous goods road transport model, and then optimize the dangerous goods road transport network. Therefore, this paper mainly from the following aspects: (1) from March 2005 to December 2015, road dangerous goods transport accidents affecting factors, the form of the accident is analyzed in detail. And summarized the influencing factors of accidents. (2) summarize the manifestation of road transportation accidents of dangerous goods, and further divide the influencing factors of road accidents of dangerous goods, respectively from the management, people, vehicles and the environment four main factors to analyze. Secondly, the influence factors of the four major dangerous goods transportation accidents are refined, and the rough set theory is introduced to analyze the primary and secondary factors that lead to the refinement of the accidents. In order to reveal the primary and secondary factors leading to accidents and the degree of importance. (3) through the statistical analysis of dangerous goods accidents and the analysis of the primary and secondary factors based on rough set theory, To get the factors such as roads has an important impact on the road transport network planning of dangerous goods, and thus consider avoiding the road links in the transportation network where the consequences of accidents are great. On this basis, the paper puts forward the idea of avoiding the weighted sum of synthetic value (which is the weighted sum of the consequence and cost of accident), that is to say, the road transport model of dangerous goods is established on the transportation network. Then a two-layer network model of dangerous goods transportation network is formed considering avoiding the maximum synthetic value. Then the feasibility of the model is verified by an example. (4) on the transportation network after some road sections are banned, In this paper, the method of collecting maintenance fee for the maximum synthetic value road section is adopted, that is, the economic intervention method is adopted to force the carrier of dangerous goods transport to choose the road passage with small composite value, and on this basis, the road transport model of dangerous goods is established. Then a double-level programming model of dangerous goods road transportation network considering the government charge is formed, and the feasibility of the model is verified by an example.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U492.336.3

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