单向和双向行人流经过通道瓶颈的实验

发布时间：2018-08-31 09:14

【摘要】：通过实验研究了人群经过通道瓶颈时的自组织现象.采用不同的瓶颈宽度和初始分布,分别进行了单向和双向行人流通过瓶颈的实验,发现了瓶颈前人群呈类扇形的聚集形态、行人侧身通过狭窄瓶颈和振荡流等现象.产生该现象的原因是由于行人具有同向跟随、异向避让的行为特征.另外,探讨了单向和双向实验在协同性、流量、单位宽度流量等方面的异同.研究发现:随着瓶颈宽度的增加,流量随之增加;单向实验的单位宽度流量先下降后增大,而双向实验的单位宽度流量持续下降;当瓶颈宽度小于肩宽时,单向流的效率最高,而当瓶颈宽度略大于肩宽时,双向流的效率高于单向流.
[Abstract]:The self-organization phenomenon of the crowd passing through the channel bottleneck was studied experimentally. Using different bottleneck width and initial distribution, one-way and bidirectional pedestrian flow passing through the bottleneck were carried out respectively. The results showed that the crowd in front of the bottleneck was fan-like, and the pedestrian sideways passed through the narrow bottleneck and oscillatory flow. The reason for this phenomenon is that pedestrians have the behavior of following in the same direction and avoiding in the opposite direction. In addition, the similarities and differences of unidirectional and bidirectional experiments in synergy, flow rate and unit width flow are discussed. The results show that: with the increase of bottleneck width, the flow rate increases; the unit width flow decreases first and then increases, while the unit width flow decreases continuously in two-way experiment; when the bottleneck width is less than shoulder width, the unidirectional flow efficiency is the highest. When the bottleneck width is slightly larger than the shoulder width, the efficiency of bidirectional flow is higher than that of unidirectional flow.
【作者单位】：上海大学上海市应用数学和力学研究所;玉林师范学院物理科学与工程技术学院;上海市力学在能源工程中的应用重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2012CB725404) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(11172164)
【分类号】：U491.226

【共引文献】