嵌合式自复位消能桥墩抗震性能分析及地震经济风险评估

发布时间：2018-09-06 20:33

【摘要】：桥梁作为交通运输的生命线在地震灾害中扮演了极其重要的角色,其抗震性能直接决定震区人员生命伤亡和经济财产损失。本文基于性能的设计理念和消能减震的抗震思想,主要研究了桥墩抗震变形、消能耗能、自复位等性能,并提出了一种嵌合式自复位消能桥墩节点的设计方法,通过数值计算、理论分析及软件建模对其抗震性能进行了研究,进而对整个自复位桥梁结构在地震中的损失进行了经济风险评估。本文主要研究内容如下:(1)提出了嵌合式自复位消能桥墩的概念及构件组成,即桥墩自身承重组件、预应力筋自复位组件、阻尼器耗能组件、嵌合式接头连接组件,并分析了多种阻尼器的类型、性能、滞回模型以便合理的选择耗能组件。(2)基于传统桥梁结构形式提出了一种嵌合式自复位消能桥墩的节点设计,并提出了嵌合式桥梁墩柱接头具体的组装方式和实施方案。通过理论分析阐述了嵌合式自复位消能桥墩的受力特征,如预应力组件的约束力、桥墩的抗弯承载力、抗剪承载力等,并介绍了嵌合式自复位桥墩各个组件的设计方法。(3)基于SAP2000有限元分析软件对嵌合式自复位桥墩进行了静力弹塑性分析和动力时程分析。其中,静力弹塑性分析结果表明:增大预应力筋的初始张拉力能够改善桥梁墩柱的强度抗震性,合理增大预应力筋刚度可有效控制桥梁墩柱柱顶的最大位移,适当增加阻尼器的屈服力可有效增加桥梁结构的耗能能力。根据动力时程分析结果可知:自复位消能桥墩的残余变形要远远小于传统延性桥墩,甚至可以完全避免,其抗震性能明显优于传统桥墩。(4)提出了嵌合式自复位消能桥墩基于性能的截面设计步骤,以及附加粘滞阻尼器自复位桥墩基于位移的设计方法。阐述了自复位消能桥梁地震经济风险评估法的评估过程和具体步骤,并用PEER四重积分法结合工程实例对自复位桥梁和传统桥梁进行了地震经济损失评估,从而论证了嵌合式自复位消能桥梁具备良好的经济优势。
[Abstract]:Bridge, as the lifeline of transportation, plays an extremely important role in the earthquake disaster, and its seismic performance directly determines the casualties and economic property losses of people in the earthquake area. Based on the design concept of performance and the seismic idea of energy dissipation and seismic absorption, this paper mainly studies the seismic deformation, energy dissipation and self-reset of bridge pier, and puts forward a design method of chimeric self-reset energy dissipation pier node, which is calculated numerically. The seismic performance of the bridge is studied by theoretical analysis and software modeling, and the economic risk assessment of the loss of the whole self-reset bridge structure in the earthquake is carried out. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the concept and components of the chimeric self-reset energy dissipation pier are presented, which are the self-loading module of the pier, the self-reset assembly of the prestressed tendons, the energy dissipation module of the damper, the connection assembly of the chimeric joint. The types, performance and hysteretic model of various dampers are analyzed in order to select energy dissipation components reasonably. (2) based on the traditional bridge structure, a joint design of chimeric self-reset energy dissipation pier is proposed. The concrete assembly method and implementation scheme of the pier joint of the chimeric bridge are put forward. Through the theoretical analysis, the mechanical characteristics of the chimeric self-reset energy dissipation pier are expounded, such as the binding force of the prestressing component, the flexural bearing capacity of the pier, the shear bearing capacity, etc. The design method of each component of chimeric self-reset pier is introduced. (3) static elastic-plastic analysis and dynamic time-history analysis of chimeric self-reset pier are carried out based on SAP2000 finite element analysis software. The results of static elastic-plastic analysis show that increasing the initial tension of prestressed tendons can improve the strength and seismic resistance of bridge piers and columns, and reasonably increasing the stiffness of prestressed tendons can effectively control the maximum displacement of bridge piers and columns. Properly increasing the yield force of dampers can effectively increase the energy dissipation capacity of bridge structures. According to the results of dynamic time history analysis, the residual deformation of the self-reset energy dissipation pier is much smaller than that of the traditional ductile pier, and can even be completely avoided. The seismic performance of the bridge is obviously better than that of the traditional pier. (4) the performance-based cross-section design of the chimeric self-reset energy dissipation pier and the displacement-based design method of the self-reset pier with viscous dampers are proposed. This paper expounds the evaluation process and concrete steps of the seismic economic risk assessment method for the self-reset energy dissipation bridge, and evaluates the seismic economic loss of the self-reset bridge and the traditional bridge by using the PEER quadrature integration method combined with the engineering example. Therefore, it is proved that the chimeric self-reset energy dissipation bridge has good economic advantages.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U442.55

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