城市主干路交叉口直行待行区相位差优化研究

发布时间：2018-09-13 07:51

【摘要】：交叉口的延误是城市主干路延误的主要组成部分,对于交叉口的研究是交通领域的研究热点之一。直行待行区是减小交叉口延误的有效措施,相位差优化能够使得整条主干路的延误尽可能的达到最小。以往的相位差优化模型并未考虑设置了直行待行区的交叉口的情况,故主干路交叉口直行待行区的延误并未尽可能达到最小。针对以上问题,本文在交叉口设置直行待行区情况下,从上下行两个方面根据车辆守恒,基于相位差分析了交叉口延误,其中主干路中起点交叉口和终点交叉口的延误只考虑车辆驶离开主干路产生的延误,其余交叉口的延误考虑上下行的延误;在交通波理论基础上,以续进式控制为例,从排队长度角度出发分析了相位差的取值范围;最后,结合一般交叉口的延误和相位差取值范围建立了某几个交叉口设置直行待行区的城市主干路相位差优化模型。最优相位差求解采取改进的遗传算法;同时,针对选择操作易陷入局部最优、交叉和变异操作采用固定概率不利于求解最优结果等问题,在选择阶段提出改进选择策略、交叉和变异阶段采用自适应的交叉概率和变异概率;针对相位差存在约束和罚函数法会增加计算复杂度等问题设计了算子修正法。最后,在matlab平台采用改进的遗传算法和遗传算法分别求解最小延误下的最优相位差,仿真结果证明了改进的遗传算法较遗传算法收敛速度更快,更稳定。2个交通实例路况结合最优相位差在vissim平台进行仿真,通过各交叉口的相位差优化前后延误对比证明了模型的正确性;本文模型、文献[13]模型求解的受直行待行区影响的交叉口延误对比证明了模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:Intersections delay is the main part of urban trunk road delay, and the research of intersection is one of the research hotspots in traffic field. The straight line waiting area is an effective measure to reduce the intersection delay. The phase difference optimization can minimize the delay of the whole trunk road as far as possible. The previous phase difference optimization model did not consider the situation of the intersection with the straight line waiting area, so the delay of the straight line waiting area of the main road intersection was not minimized as far as possible. In view of the above problems, this paper analyzes the intersection delay from the two aspects of vehicle conservation, based on phase difference, under the condition of setting up the straight line waiting area at the intersection. The delay at the starting and end points of the trunk road only considers the delay caused by the vehicle leaving the main road, and the delay at the other intersections considers the delay of the upper and lower directions. On the basis of the traffic wave theory, the continuous control is taken as an example. From the point of view of queue length, the range of phase difference is analyzed, and finally, combining with the delay and phase difference range of general intersection, the phase difference optimization model of some intersections with straight line waiting area is established. An improved genetic algorithm is adopted to solve the optimal phase difference. At the same time, an improved selection strategy is proposed to solve the problem that the selection operation is easy to fall into the local optimum, and the fixed probability of the crossover and mutation operations is not conducive to the solution of the optimal result. In the phase of crossover and mutation, adaptive crossover probability and mutation probability are adopted, and an operator correction method is designed to solve the problem that the phase difference has constraints and the penalty function method increases the computational complexity. Finally, the improved genetic algorithm and genetic algorithm are used to solve the optimal phase difference under the minimum delay on the matlab platform respectively. The simulation results show that the improved genetic algorithm converges faster than the genetic algorithm. Two traffic examples combined with the optimal phase difference are simulated on the vissim platform. The model is proved to be correct by comparing the delay before and after the phase difference optimization at each intersection. The validity of the model is proved by comparison of intersections delay affected by the straight waiting area in reference [13].
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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