智能引导公交车进站停靠系统研究与设计

发布时间：2018-09-19 09:44

【摘要】：“公交优先,绿色出行”已成为我国城市交通发展的重要目标和指导方向,怎样提升公交站点的通行能力、服务质量和信息化水平已成为目前城市公共交通发展所面临的问题之一,欲解决此问题,就必须解决现行公交站点内“人车乱”问题。产生这一问题的根源是公交站点内多采用自由停靠方式组织公交车进站停靠,该组织方式不仅使每辆公交车进站停靠时处于无序状态,而且还有可能导致车辆出站延误时间变长、站点内停车泊位利用率低以及乘客人身安全受到威胁等弊端。所以为了从根源上解决站点内“人车乱”的问题,本文提出了一种多泊位动态分配方法,并在此基础上设计一种基于ZigBee的智能引导公交车进站停靠系统。本文结合公交车停靠特性和公交车停靠时间计算模型,提出了一种多泊位动态分配方法。该方法根据各待进站公交车的停靠时间、预到达剩余时间和站点内停车泊位使用情况为它们分配泊位,引导各待进站公交车按照分配给它们的泊位号有序进站停靠,从而实现以动态分配停车泊位方式组织各待进站车辆进站载客的功能。在多泊位动态分配方法基础上设计了一种基于ZigBee的智能引导公交车进站停靠系统。首先对系统的功能需求及总体框架进行了研究与分析,明确了系统的整体设计方案,然后对系统中的车载终端和站台终端的硬件部分和软件部分设计做了详细的介绍,并根据PCB板设计规则,分别给出了车载终端和站台终端的主控制板PCB图和已安装各模块电路的硬件实物图,设计布置在路边的路由器节点以及车载终端与站台终端之间的通信协议,测试和分析车载终端和站台终端的最小系统硬件电路和主要功能模块,最后对整个系统进行联调,联调结果显示该系统能够实现智能引导公交车有序进站停靠、乘客有序排队乘车的功能需求,达到了系统的设计目的,该系统能提高公交站点的通行能力、服务质量和信息化水平。
[Abstract]:"bus priority, green travel" has become an important goal and guiding direction of urban traffic development in China. How to improve the traffic capacity of public transport stations, The quality of service and the level of information have become one of the problems in the development of urban public transportation. To solve this problem, we must solve the problem of "people and cars in the current bus stations". The root cause of this problem is that the bus stop is organized by free stop mode, which not only makes every bus stop disorderly. Moreover, it may lead to the delay time of vehicle exit, the low utilization rate of parking berths and the danger to passengers' personal safety. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of "people and cars disorder" in the station, this paper proposes a dynamic allocation method of multi-berth, and then designs an intelligent guided bus stop stopping system based on ZigBee. In this paper, a dynamic allocation method for multi-berths is proposed based on bus stopping characteristics and bus stopping time calculation model. According to the stopping time of the buses to be put in the station, the method allocates the berths for them according to the remaining arrival time and the usage of the parking berths in the stations, and guides the buses to stop at the stations according to the berth numbers assigned to them in an orderly manner. Thus, the dynamic allocation of parking berths can be used to organize the incoming vehicles to carry passengers. Based on the dynamic allocation method of multi-berth, an intelligent guided bus stopping system based on ZigBee is designed. First, the functional requirements and the overall framework of the system are studied and analyzed, and the overall design scheme of the system is clarified. Then, the hardware and software design of the vehicle terminal and platform terminal in the system are introduced in detail. According to the design rules of PCB board, the main control board PCB diagram of vehicle terminal and platform terminal and the hardware object diagram of each module circuit installed are given respectively. Design the router node and communication protocol between the vehicle terminal and platform terminal, test and analyze the minimum system hardware circuit and main function module of the vehicle terminal and platform terminal, finally carry on the connection adjustment to the whole system. The results show that the system can intelligently guide the bus to stop in an orderly way, and the passengers can queue in order to meet the design purpose of the system, and the system can improve the traffic capacity of the bus station. Service quality and information level.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U495;U491.17

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