高速公路桥梁施工安全评价及对策研究

发布时间：2018-10-09 12:54

【摘要】：当前国际上将公路安全评价性工作称为道路安全审计。根据交通部实施的《公路项目安全性评价指南》中规定,公路安全性评价是公路建设和路面设计可行性方案的主要内容,包括道路线形组合、交叉口、视距、交通设施等方面的交通安全评价。我国正处于经济发展的重要战略机遇期,交通基础设施建设也随着经济的迅速增长而进入了快速发展的时期,安全生产形势十分严峻,高速公路建设过程中的安全事故和群死群伤事件时有发生,往往造成重大的社会影响,引起社会各界广泛关注。通过对事故分析发现,发生事故的工程项目均未对施工现场进行危险因素辨识及安全评价,无法正确判断当前施工现场的安全管理状态,疏忽对事故隐患的防范,最终导致事故发生。因此,有必要将施工过程的安全生产评价作为公路工程安全评价的重要组成部分之一。高速公路桥梁施工项目具有差异性大、施工工艺复杂、不可预知性大等特点。为了控制桥梁施工现场的安全风险,预防施工事故的发生,结合京包高速公路第二标段桥梁工程的实际情况,提出了一种适合高速公路桥梁施工现场的安全评价方法。采用预先危险性分析法、作业条件危险性评价法对危险源辨识、危险源风险估测以及风险控制对策进行了研究;基于模糊数学理论,采用层次分析法确定了桥梁工程安全评价指标体系的权重,引入模糊综合评价数学模型,对各桥梁施工现场的安全生产管理水平进行了比较,并对我国今后施工安全评价的发展趋势进行了展望。这种定性结合定量的分析评价方法,适用于交通建设工程自身的特点,在工程中具有良好的实用价值,可以作为今后高速公路桥梁施工安全评价项目的参考案例,对提高公路施工安全管理水平有着重要的意义。
[Abstract]:At present, road safety evaluation work is called road safety audit. According to the guidelines for Safety Evaluation of Highway projects implemented by the Ministry of Communications, highway safety evaluation is the main content of feasibility schemes for highway construction and pavement design, including road alignment combinations, intersections, visual distances, etc. Traffic safety evaluation in traffic facilities and so on. Our country is in the important strategic opportunity period of economic development, transportation infrastructure construction has also entered the period of rapid development along with the rapid economic growth, the situation of safe production is very serious. During the process of highway construction, safety accidents and mass injuries often occur, which often cause great social impact and cause widespread concern. Through the analysis of the accident, it is found that none of the engineering projects in which the accident occurred has carried out the identification of the dangerous factors and the safety evaluation of the construction site, so it is unable to correctly judge the safety management state of the current construction site and neglect to guard against the hidden dangers of the accident. Eventually the accident occurred. Therefore, it is necessary to take the safety evaluation of construction process as one of the important components of highway engineering safety evaluation. Expressway bridge construction project has the characteristics of great difference, complex construction technology, unpredictable and so on. In order to control the safety risk of bridge construction site and prevent the occurrence of construction accident, a safety evaluation method suitable for the construction site of expressway bridge is put forward according to the actual situation of the second section of Beijing-Bao Expressway. Based on the theory of fuzzy mathematics, the risk identification, risk estimation and risk control strategy of risk sources are studied by using the method of pre-risk analysis and risk assessment of operating conditions. The weight of the safety evaluation index system of bridge engineering is determined by AHP, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation mathematical model is introduced to compare the safety production management level of each bridge construction site. The development trend of construction safety evaluation in China is prospected. This qualitative and quantitative analysis and evaluation method is suitable for the characteristics of the traffic construction project itself and has good practical value in the engineering. It can be used as a reference case of the highway bridge construction safety evaluation project in the future. It is of great significance to improve the safety management level of highway construction.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U445

【参考文献】