危险货物运输网络优化双层规划模型与算法

发布时间：2018-10-10 15:57

【摘要】：危险货物作为一种特种货物,在其运输过程中,容易发生事故,造成人身伤亡、财产毁损和环境污染,因此,为了保障人民生命财产安全,保护生态环境,维护危险货物运输各方当事人的合法权益,必须准确合理的选择危险货物运输路线,采取相应的防护措施,确保危险货物安全、迅速、经济及便利地运达运输目的地,这样才能减少危险货物运输事故,降低事故造成的财产损失,提高危险货物运输的安全性和效率。本文以危险货物道路运输网络优化为研究对象,首先,在应急救援机构应急能力可靠度分析的基础上,定义了危险货物运输网络的突发事件应急能力可靠度,以分段函数为基础构建了危险货物运输网络的节点和路段的应急能力可靠度的计算模型,并建立了考虑危险货物种类的风险模型;然后,结合危险货物运输网络应急能力可靠度模型和风险模型,构建了风险确定的危险货物运输网络多目标双层规划模型,其中,上层模型以应急能力可靠度、风险和时间为优化目标,下层模型采用用户均衡模型,在多目标遗传算法和交通分配算法的基础上设计了双层规划模型求解算法,并进行了案例研究和结果分析;再次,建立了风险不确定的危险货物运输网络鲁棒双层规划模型,上层模型以应急能力可靠度、风险和时间为优化目标,下层模型采用用户均衡模型,设计了双层规划模型求解算法,并进行了案例研究和结果分析;最后,建立了OD需求不确定的危险货物运输网络鲁棒双层规划模型,上层模型以应急能力可靠度、风险和时间为优化目标,下层模型采用用户均衡模型,设计了双层规划模型求解算法,并进行了案例研究和结果分析。研究结果表明,本论文中分别设计的风险确定的危险货物运输网络多目标双层规划模型,风险不确定的危险货物运输网络鲁棒双层规划模型和OD需求不确定的危险货物运输网络鲁棒双层规划模型对危险货物运输的决策者科学合理选择危险货物运输路径,提高危险货物运输的安全可靠性,降低危险货物的运输风险,提高运输效率等方面具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:As a kind of special goods, dangerous goods are prone to accidents in the course of transportation, resulting in personal casualties, property damage and environmental pollution. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of people's lives and property and to protect the ecological environment, In order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties involved in the transport of dangerous goods, it is necessary to select the route of transport of dangerous goods accurately and reasonably, and take appropriate protective measures to ensure the safe, rapid, economical and convenient transportation of dangerous goods to the transport destination, Only in this way can the transportation accidents of dangerous goods be reduced, the property loss caused by the accidents be reduced, and the safety and efficiency of dangerous goods transportation be improved. In this paper, the optimization of road transport network of dangerous goods is taken as the research object. Firstly, based on the analysis of the reliability of emergency response capacity of emergency relief agencies, the reliability of emergency response capacity of dangerous goods transportation network is defined. Based on the piecewise function, the reliability model of the node and section of dangerous goods transportation network is built, and the risk model considering the type of dangerous goods is established. Combined with the emergency capability reliability model and risk model of dangerous goods transportation network, a multi-objective bilevel programming model of dangerous goods transportation network is constructed, in which the upper layer model is based on the reliability of emergency capability. Risk and time are the optimization objectives. The lower level model adopts user equilibrium model. Based on the multi-objective genetic algorithm and traffic assignment algorithm, the two-level programming model solution algorithm is designed, and the case study and result analysis are carried out. Thirdly, The robust bilevel programming model of dangerous goods transportation network with uncertain risk is established. The upper layer model takes the reliability, risk and time of emergency response as the optimization objective, and the lower level model adopts the user equilibrium model, and designs a bilevel programming model solving algorithm. Finally, the robust bilevel programming model of dangerous goods transportation network with uncertain OD requirements is established. The upper level model is based on the reliability, risk and time of emergency response. The lower level model adopts the user equilibrium model, designs the algorithm of solving the bilevel programming model, and carries on the case study and the result analysis. The results show that the multi-objective bilevel programming model for risk determination of dangerous goods transportation network is designed in this paper. The robust bilevel programming model of dangerous goods transport network with uncertain risk and the robust bilevel programming model of dangerous goods transport network with uncertain OD requirements are scientific and reasonable for the decision makers of dangerous goods transportation. Improving the safety and reliability of dangerous goods transportation, reducing the transportation risk of dangerous goods and improving transportation efficiency have certain reference value.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U492.336.3

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