钻井废弃泥浆固化路基材料性能研究

发布时间：2018-10-11 15:30

【摘要】：随着对石油工业这类能源产业需求量的增加,石油开采作业所产生的废弃物给环境带来的问题日趋明显。在油田废弃物中最主要的钻井废弃泥浆的处理问题上,采用得最多的方法是随钻随治,此方法是将现场的钻井泥浆直接进行无害固化处理,一般通过在泥浆池里加配制好的固化剂进行就地固化。这种随钻随治方式简单易行,但主要存在着四个方面的问题：征地费用高、土地资源浪费；容易造成二次污染；处理工艺原始,不利于环保；不能将废弃利用,没达到节能环保的要求。本文从废物利用的角度出发,以满足污染物的排放和路基材料的基本性能为基础,将钻井废弃泥浆进行改良固化后用作路基材料,来铺筑附近的简易路基。先通过传统固化工艺对钻井废弃泥浆进行固化,结合路基材料的基本性能要求,分析研究固化后的钻井泥浆的状态,再对钻井泥浆进行改良固化处理,使其满足各项指标要求。本文主要的工作及研究成果如下： (1)对钻井废弃泥浆的组成、性质、分类和路基材料所具备的基本性能要求作了详细阐述。 (2)通过室内对比实验研究,优选出了固化钻井废弃泥浆的破胶剂和固化剂,破胶剂的组分及掺配比例为：硫酸铝1.5%和PAC0.5%；固化剂的组分及掺配比例为：粉煤灰40%、石灰5%、石膏10%、水泥5%、黄土10%。 (3)通过分析固化后的钻井废弃泥浆状态,结合路基材料所具备的基本性能要求,提出了改良方案：破胶剂不变,将固化剂改成石灰和粉煤灰。 (4)通过分析研究,选取固化剂为石灰与粉煤灰的二灰固化剂,二者之间的掺配比为1：3,再对不同掺配比(30%、40%、50%、60%、70%)的二灰固化剂对钻井废弃泥浆进行改良固化实验,结合环境指标和路基材料的基本性能要求,优选出了最佳二灰掺配比为60%。在该掺配比例下各项指标：COD80mg/L、色度35、石油类含量3.5mg/L、液限45.4%、塑限36.3%、塑性指数9.1、加州承载比19.4、无侧限抗压强度1.55MPa,均满足规范要求。 (5)结合改良固化的室内实验方案,提出了现场施工方案,并通过分析计算各项原料的费用,进行了经济效益评价。表明改良固化具有一定的经济价值,对实际工程运用提供一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for the energy industry such as petroleum industry, the environmental problems caused by the waste produced by oil extraction are becoming more and more obvious. In the treatment of the most important drilling waste mud in oilfield waste, the most widely used method is to treat the drilling mud while drilling. This method is to treat the drilling mud in the field directly with harmless solidification. It is generally solidified in situ by adding a prepared curing agent in the mud pool. This method is simple and easy to implement, but there are four main problems: high cost of land acquisition, waste of land resources, easy to cause secondary pollution, primitive treatment process, which is not conducive to environmental protection, and cannot be discarded. Failed to meet the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection. Based on the discharge of pollutants and the basic properties of subgrade materials, the waste drilling mud is used as subgrade material after modified solidification in the view of waste utilization. Firstly, the waste drilling mud is solidified by traditional solidification technology. Combining with the basic performance requirements of subgrade material, the state of the solidified drilling mud is analyzed and studied, and then the drilling mud is improved to meet the requirements of various indexes. The main work and research results of this paper are as follows: (1) the composition, properties, classification and basic performance requirements of subgrade materials of drilling waste mud are described in detail. (2) through laboratory comparative experiments, The rubber breaker and curing agent of solidified waste drilling mud were selected. The composition and mixing ratio of gel breaking agent were as follows: aluminum sulfate 1.5% and PAC0.5%; The composition and proportion of curing agent are as follows: fly ash 40, lime 5, gypsum 10, cement 5, loess 1010. (3) by analyzing the state of solidified drilling waste mud, combined with the basic performance requirements of subgrade material, The improvement scheme is put forward: the curing agent is changed into lime and fly ash. (4) through the analysis and research, the curing agent is selected as the lime-fly ash curing agent. The ratio between them is 1: 3, and then the modified solidification experiment is carried out on the waste drilling mud with different mixing ratio (30% 40% and 50%). Combined with the environmental index and the basic performance requirements of subgrade material, the optimum ratio of lime to ash is selected to be 60%. The indexes under this mixing ratio: COD80mg/L, color 35, petroleum content 3.5 mg / L, liquid limit 45.4, plastic limit 36.3, plastic index 9.1, California bearing ratio 19.4, unconfined compressive strength 1.55 MPA, all meet the requirements of the specification. (5) combined with the improved curing laboratory experimental scheme, The site construction scheme is put forward, and the economic benefit is evaluated by analyzing and calculating the cost of each raw material. It shows that the improved solidification has certain economic value and provides certain reference value for practical engineering application.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U414

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