基于有限元法的沥青路面车辙分析

发布时间：2018-10-13 08:03

【摘要】：沥青路面车辙是我国高等级公路的主要病害之一,车辙严重地影响路面使用性能和车辆的舒适性及安全性。避免车辙形成是路面设计的重要内容,传统的研究主要是利用层应变和粘弹性理论对车辙形成进行计算,往往忽略车辙形成过程中沥青材料塑性变形的影响,造成与实际情况的误差。所以,利用非线性的粘弹塑性本构模型分析沥青路面车辙形成十分有必要。本文针对河北省某高速公路试验路段,利用ABAQUS有限元软件对沥青路面车辙形成过程进行了模拟、分析和计算。主要研究内容如下:(1)叙述了沥青路面车辙的破坏类型和产生的机理。分析了沥青混合料现有力学模型的优缺点,取其中既能描述沥青混合料变形特征,又能方便测定其参数并进行数值计算的具有代表性的两种沥青混合料的本构模型进行计算。(2)利用有限元软件ABAQUS建立路面模型,对车辙的形成进行仿真和模拟。介绍沥青路面车辙的计算原理,包括有限元方程的建立和对于非线性的本构模型方程组的求解。进而分析了沥青路面永久性变形的形成。(3)利用Burgers粘弹性本构模型对沥青路面车辙进行计算。根据蠕变试验的结果,分析确定了Burgers模型的参数,将得到的粘弹性参数通过计算变为Prony级数,通过ABAQUS有限元软件对沥青路面车辙进行了模拟,分析了在循环荷载作用下,路面形成永久性变形的过程。同时,研究了温度、超载对沥青路面车辙形成的影响。(4)利用粘弹塑性本构模型对沥青路面车辙进行计算。利用蠕变试验和单轴压缩试验所得到的数据,来定义路面面层的粘弹塑性,将路面其他各结构层均看作为弹性。利用ABAQUS软件对路面结构进行模拟,分析了沥青路面车辙形成的过程,同时研究了温度、超载对沥青路面车辙变形的影响,并将Burgers模型和粘弹塑性本构模型的计算结果进行了对比。
[Abstract]:Rutting of asphalt pavement is one of the main diseases of high grade highway in China. Rutting seriously affects pavement performance, vehicle comfort and safety. Avoiding rutting formation is an important content of pavement design. The traditional research mainly uses layer strain and viscoelastic theory to calculate rut formation, and often ignores the influence of asphalt material plastic deformation during rutting formation. Cause an error with the actual situation. Therefore, it is necessary to use nonlinear viscoelastic plastic constitutive model to analyze rutting formation of asphalt pavement. In this paper, the rutting process of asphalt pavement is simulated, analyzed and calculated by using ABAQUS finite element software for an experimental section of highway in Hebei province. The main contents are as follows: (1) the damage type and mechanism of asphalt pavement rutting are described. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing mechanical model of asphalt mixture are analyzed, which can describe the deformation characteristics of asphalt mixture. It can also be used to calculate the constitutive models of two kinds of asphalt mixtures which can be easily measured and numerically calculated. (2) the road surface model is established by using the finite element software ABAQUS to simulate and simulate the rutting formation. This paper introduces the calculation principle of asphalt pavement rutting, including the establishment of finite element equations and the solution of nonlinear constitutive model equations. The formation of permanent deformation of asphalt pavement is analyzed. (3) the rutting of asphalt pavement is calculated by Burgers viscoelastic constitutive model. According to the results of creep test, the parameters of Burgers model are analyzed and determined. The viscoelastic parameters are changed into Prony series by calculation. The rutting of asphalt pavement is simulated by ABAQUS finite element software, and the cyclic load is analyzed. The process of forming a permanent deformation of a road surface. At the same time, the influence of temperature and overload on rutting of asphalt pavement is studied. (4) the rutting of asphalt pavement is calculated by viscoelastic plastic constitutive model. Using the data obtained from creep test and uniaxial compression test, the viscoelastic-plastic properties of pavement surface are defined, and the other structural layers are regarded as elastic. Using ABAQUS software to simulate the pavement structure, the process of rutting formation of asphalt pavement is analyzed, and the influence of temperature and overload on the rutting deformation of asphalt pavement is studied. The calculation results of Burgers model and viscoelastic plastic constitutive model are compared.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄铁道大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U418.68

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