单洞双向交通公路隧道火灾人员疏散救援研究
发布时间：2018-10-14 16:07
【摘要】：随着我国公路隧道数量逐年增多,公路隧道运营安全显得尤为重要。目前,国内外对双洞公路隧道火灾人员疏散研究相对较多,且人员安全判断条件也大多采用温度和CO固定阈值。本文基于Crane修正模型和FED死亡模型的人员伤害风险值模型,首次将温度和CO共同伤害作用的风险模型引入长大单洞双向交通公路隧道火灾人员疏散和逃生中。论文首先引入长大单洞双向交通隧道通风和逃生平导的模型,借助PHOENICS软件对不同火灾规模、不同隧道环境风速下隧道内的烟雾场、温度场进行三维数值模拟,确定人员疏散时主隧道的控制风速以及平导的控制风速。其次,基于Crane修正模型和FED死亡模型的人员安全性判定条件,得到不同火灾规模、不同控制风速下隧道内各特征位置的最大可用安全时间;同时,借助Pathfinder疏散软件对火灾堵塞工况下人员疏散进行模拟,得到人员全部疏散的必需时间,通过对疏散结果的比较以及疏散风险的分析,确定单洞双向交通公路隧道的合理横通道间距。最后,基于以上结果,提出单洞双向交通公路隧道防灾救灾体系框架,并给出单洞双向交通公路隧道防灾救灾合理化建议。
[Abstract]:With the increasing number of highway tunnels in China, the safety of highway tunnels is becoming more and more important. At present, there are more researches on evacuation of fire occupants in double-hole highway tunnel at home and abroad, and temperature and CO fixed threshold are mostly used to judge the safety of people. Based on the Crane modified model and the FED death model, this paper first introduces the risk model of temperature and CO to the evacuation and escape of fire workers in the long single-hole two-way traffic tunnel. In this paper, the model of ventilation and escape guide of long and single tunnel two-way traffic tunnel is introduced, and the three-dimensional numerical simulation of the smoke field and temperature field in the tunnel under different fire scale and different tunnel wind speed is carried out with the help of PHOENICS software. Determine the control wind speed of the main tunnel and the control wind speed of the flat guide during evacuation. Secondly, based on the Crane modified model and the FED death model, the maximum available safety time of each characteristic position in the tunnel is obtained under different fire scale and different control wind speed. With the help of Pathfinder evacuation software, the evacuation of people under the condition of fire jam is simulated, and the necessary time for all evacuation is obtained. Through the comparison of evacuation results and the analysis of evacuation risk, To determine the reasonable distance between single tunnel and two-way traffic highway tunnel. Finally, based on the above results, the framework of disaster prevention and rescue system for single-hole two-way traffic highway tunnel is put forward, and the rational suggestions for disaster prevention and relief of single-hole two-way traffic highway tunnel are given.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U458
本文编号：2270957
[Abstract]:With the increasing number of highway tunnels in China, the safety of highway tunnels is becoming more and more important. At present, there are more researches on evacuation of fire occupants in double-hole highway tunnel at home and abroad, and temperature and CO fixed threshold are mostly used to judge the safety of people. Based on the Crane modified model and the FED death model, this paper first introduces the risk model of temperature and CO to the evacuation and escape of fire workers in the long single-hole two-way traffic tunnel. In this paper, the model of ventilation and escape guide of long and single tunnel two-way traffic tunnel is introduced, and the three-dimensional numerical simulation of the smoke field and temperature field in the tunnel under different fire scale and different tunnel wind speed is carried out with the help of PHOENICS software. Determine the control wind speed of the main tunnel and the control wind speed of the flat guide during evacuation. Secondly, based on the Crane modified model and the FED death model, the maximum available safety time of each characteristic position in the tunnel is obtained under different fire scale and different control wind speed. With the help of Pathfinder evacuation software, the evacuation of people under the condition of fire jam is simulated, and the necessary time for all evacuation is obtained. Through the comparison of evacuation results and the analysis of evacuation risk, To determine the reasonable distance between single tunnel and two-way traffic highway tunnel. Finally, based on the above results, the framework of disaster prevention and rescue system for single-hole two-way traffic highway tunnel is put forward, and the rational suggestions for disaster prevention and relief of single-hole two-way traffic highway tunnel are given.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U458
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 徐永;廖少明;李伟平;门燕青;;公路隧道火灾逃生距离及逃生风险分析[J];土木工程学报;2012年12期
，本文编号：2270957
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