基于可变需求的交通小区备用能力模型及应用

发布时间：2018-10-16 19:47

【摘要】：城市道路交通拥堵问题本质上是交通供需不平衡的问题,实现交通系统与土地利用的协调是解决拥堵问题的关键。基于备用能力概念的路网设计问题可以从路网能力的角度分析路网系统、交通规划管理和土地利用三者之间的约束关系,可用于指导合理的交通规划方案和土地利用规划与管理政策的制定。本文从以下几个方面进行了研究。首先,从系统动力学角度剖析路网备用能力对土地利用的约束作用机理,分析路网备用能力的概念在揭示不同小区地块的开发对交通系统影响之差异性时的不足,从而提出交通小区备用能力的定义,并分析可变需求对交通小区备用能力的影响。其次,建立基于单约束可变需求的交通小区备用能力模型,其中,下层模型描述当各交通小区的出行生成量固定时,出行者的出行路径和出行目的地选择行为;上层模型实现在信号控制约束和路段饱和度约束下,使路网的整体出行需求量最大化。再次,将描述路段通行能力提升的变量离散化,并整合至上述交通小区备用能力模型,以研究交通规划管理策略对交通小区备用能力的影响。然后,考虑各交通小区的出行生成量和吸引量都固定时,出行者的出行路径和出行目的地选择行为,建立基于双约束可变需求的交通小区备用能力模型。最后,结合遗传算法和凸组合算法或两阶段算法求解模型,并进行算例的应用分析。本文提出的模型能确定在一定的路网条件下,各交通小区最多能容纳的出行生成量或吸引量以及相应的最优信号控制策略或道路通行能力提升方案,从而为制定可持续的土地利用规划与交通规划管理政策提供帮助。
[Abstract]:The problem of urban road traffic congestion is essentially a problem of imbalance between traffic supply and demand. The key to solve the problem is to realize the coordination between traffic system and land use. The problem of road network design based on the concept of reserve capacity can be used to analyze the constraint relationship among road network system, traffic planning management and land use from the point of view of road network capacity. It can be used to guide the formulation of rational transportation planning and land use planning and management policy. This article has carried on the research from the following several aspects. First of all, from the point of view of system dynamics, this paper analyzes the constraint mechanism of road network reserve capacity on land use, and analyzes the deficiency of the concept of road network reserve capacity in revealing the difference of the impact of land development in different residential areas on traffic system. The definition of reserve capacity of traffic district is proposed, and the influence of variable demand on reserve capacity of traffic district is analyzed. Secondly, the standby capacity model of traffic district based on single constraint variable demand is established, in which the lower layer model describes the travel path and destination choice behavior of the travelers when the amount of trip production is fixed. The upper model can maximize the overall travel demand of the road network under the constraints of signal control and road saturation. Thirdly, the variables describing the increase of traffic capacity are discretized and integrated into the above traffic district reserve capacity model to study the impact of traffic planning and management strategy on the reserve capacity of traffic district. Then, considering the travel path and destination choice behavior of travelers when the amount of trip production and attraction are fixed, a model of standby capacity based on double constraints variable demand is established. Finally, the model is solved by combining genetic algorithm with convex combination algorithm or two-stage algorithm. The model proposed in this paper can determine the maximum amount of trip production or attraction and the corresponding optimal signal control strategy or road capacity enhancement scheme for each traffic district under certain road network conditions. It will help to make sustainable land use planning and traffic planning management policy.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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