地铁隧道环境振动三维频域算法及其参数敏感性分析

发布时间：2018-10-17 13:07

【摘要】：随着经济发展,城市规模不断扩大,城市人口急剧增加,城市拥挤、交通堵塞、噪音空气污染等等问题随即涌现。地铁以其独有的优势,如采用电力驱动,减少了空气污染;载客量远大于汽车,节约能源;多采用专用路权,安全便捷,在缓解城市交通问题发挥特有作用。但随着地铁线网规划愈加密集,地铁线路不可避免会毗邻或下穿城市振动敏感点。为了控制地铁环境振动,满足城市生活需要,地铁线路采用大量减振措施。尽管如此,由于我国缺乏交通环境振动标准体系的基础性研究,同时现行预测方法过于陈旧,导致新线开通运营一段时间后出现地铁线路附近居民对地铁引起环境振动进行投诉。目前存在预测方法中解析法是建立在大量简化与假设的基础上,可用于对地铁环境振动的理论研究工作,若用于工程实际则缺乏一定的实用性;经验值法是在大量试验的基础上建立预测方法,具有一定实用性和准确性,但缺乏适用性且成本较高。随着计算机技术的快速发展,数值法成为目前研究的主流方向。相比于解析法的模型简化和经验值法成本适用性差,数值法可以建立接近实际情况的复杂模型,包括复杂地形、多类建筑物和复杂运营条件等等。为了保证计算精度需要建立符合实际情况的复杂模型,但此时数值法计算成本(时间)会急剧增加,如何同时考虑计算精度和效率是数值法研究的重点。由于目前关于预测模型的关键参数研究还不够深入,所以本文在快速预测算法的基础上重点对关键参数进行一些探讨,目的是今后建立预测模型过程中重点考虑关键参数,而对非关键参数进行一定简化,从而在保证计算精度的前提下,提高计算效率。因此本文针对预测模型关键参数做了如下研究:(1)收集国内外地铁环境振动出现问题及研究现状,整理了地铁环境振动国内外标准,总结地铁环境振动三种主要预测方法并分析了相对应的优缺点;(2)开展地铁隧道环境振动试验研究,对成都地铁2号线迎宾大道站与茶店子客运站区间某小区地铁隧道环境振动进行实测分析;(3)建立地铁隧道环境振动的三维频域算法,包括车辆-轨道垂向耦合频域分析模型和地铁隧道三维有限元频域预测模型;(4)对影响预测模型精度的关键参数进行研究,分析轨道系统胶垫刚度频变和阻尼频变、土层参数包括土层模型几何参数(即土层厚度沿线路方向改变)和物理参数(土层弹性模量)对地铁隧道环境振动三维频域算法的影响;(5)基于地铁隧道环境振动三维频域算法对地铁隧道环境振动进行可视化研究,绘制振动地图,直观展示地铁沿线环境振动情况。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the city scale is expanding, the city population is increasing rapidly, the city is congested, the traffic jam, the noise air pollution and so on. Subway with its unique advantages, such as the use of electric power to reduce air pollution; passenger capacity is far larger than cars, saving energy; more special road rights, safe and convenient, play a unique role in alleviating urban traffic problems. However, as the planning of subway lines becomes more intensive, subway lines will inevitably pass through the sensitive points of urban vibration. In order to control the vibration of subway environment and meet the needs of urban life, a large number of vibration reduction measures are adopted. Nevertheless, due to the lack of basic research on the traffic environment vibration standard system in China, the current prediction methods are too old. After the new line was opened and operated for a period of time, residents in the vicinity of the subway line complained about the environmental vibration caused by the subway. At present, the analytical method is based on a large number of simplification and assumptions, and can be used for the theoretical research of subway environmental vibration. If it is used in engineering practice, it is lack of practicability. Empirical value method is based on a large number of experiments to establish a prediction method, which has certain practicability and accuracy, but lacks applicability and high cost. With the rapid development of computer technology, numerical method has become the main research direction. Compared with the simplified model of analytical method and the cost applicability of empirical value method, numerical method can be used to establish complex models close to the actual situation, including complex terrain, multi-class buildings and complex operating conditions, and so on. In order to ensure the accuracy of the calculation, a complex model is established, but the computational cost (time) of the numerical method will increase rapidly. How to consider the accuracy and efficiency of the numerical method at the same time is the key point of the numerical method. Because the research on the key parameters of the prediction model is not deep enough at present, this paper focuses on the key parameters on the basis of the fast prediction algorithm, the purpose of which is to consider the key parameters in the process of establishing the prediction model in the future. The non-key parameters are simplified to improve the calculation efficiency under the premise of ensuring the calculation accuracy. Therefore, this paper has done the following research on the key parameters of the prediction model: (1) collecting the existing problems and research status of subway environmental vibration at home and abroad, sorting out the domestic and foreign standards of subway environmental vibration. Three main prediction methods of subway environmental vibration are summarized and the corresponding advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. (2) the environmental vibration test of subway tunnel is carried out. The environmental vibration of subway tunnel in a certain district of Chengdu Metro Line 2 is analyzed in this paper. (3) the three-dimensional frequency domain algorithm of environmental vibration of subway tunnel is established. It includes the frequency domain analysis model of vehicle-track vertical coupling and the 3D finite element frequency domain prediction model of subway tunnel. (4) the key parameters affecting the accuracy of the prediction model are studied, and the frequency variation of the stiffness and damping of the rubber pad of the track system is analyzed. The influence of the geometric parameters of the soil layer model (i.e. the direction of the road along the thickness of the soil layer) and the physical parameters (elastic modulus of the soil layer) on the three-dimensional frequency domain algorithm of the environmental vibration of the subway tunnel is discussed. (5) based on the environmental vibration of the subway tunnel The 3D frequency domain algorithm is used to visualize the environmental vibration of subway tunnel. Draw vibration map, visual display of environmental vibration along the subway.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U451.3

【相似文献】