基于流固耦合的风—汽车—桥梁系统数值模拟研究
发布时间：2018-10-22 13:24
【摘要】：在自然风环境中当车辆在桥上行驶时,车辆及桥梁组成的车-桥耦合系统会受到风荷载产生的气动力作用而对车-桥耦合系统的振动产生影响,车-桥耦合系统的振动及车辆的行驶同时会影响自然风场特性变化而会使车-桥耦合系统受到的气动力产生变化,从而形成风-车-桥耦合振动系统。本文提出双向流固耦合数值分析方法对风-汽车-桥梁空间耦合系统进行数值模拟,主要研究内容有:采用CFD数值模拟方法对车辆静止于桥上及车辆在桥上行驶时的汽车-桥梁系统进行研究,研究了不同风速及不同风偏角的风荷载作用下大客车、小汽车、半挂车在不同断面形式的桥上及在桥上横向不同位置时车辆的气动特性,并对两大客车双会交会、车辆驶出隧道至桥面及车辆在桥上行驶经过桥塔区域时车辆气动特性进行了研究,得到了不同环境下车辆的气动力系数及变化规律,对桥上车辆的气动力系数的选取具有指导意义。基于ANSYS数值分析软件实现汽车-桥梁耦合系统数值模拟,采用时域求解法对车辆-桥梁系统随时间变化的振动微分方程求解对汽车-桥梁耦合系统的振动响应特性进行分析,分析了车辆行驶速度、车辆质量、车辆数量及车辆纵向间距对汽车-桥梁耦合系统中车辆及桥梁振动的影响。提出双向流固耦合数值方法对风-汽车-桥梁耦合系统进行数值模拟,研究了在不同侧向风速及竖向不同风场模型的风荷载作用下,不同数量的车辆在桥面上行驶时风-汽车-桥梁耦合系统中桥梁及车体周围空间的风场特性及车体压力分布规律,并对风-汽车-桥梁耦合系统的振动响应特性进行了分析。对风-汽车-桥梁耦合系统中车辆的行车安全进行评价,研究了处于风-汽车-桥梁耦合系统中的车辆在受到不同风偏角的风荷载作用时,车体周围空间流场及车体表面压力的分布规律,在考虑自然风荷载与汽车-桥梁耦合系统相互影响下得到了车辆的气动力系数及其随风偏角的变化规律及不同速度行驶同时受到不同风偏角自然风荷载作用下的车辆发生倾覆及在干、湿、雪、冰不同路面状况下车辆发生侧滑的临界风速,并对车辆发生倾覆与侧滑危险的侧向临界风速与最小临界风速进行了对比研究。研究中采用的方法及所得结论对风-汽车-桥梁耦合系统中车辆的行车安全评价具有参考价值。
[Abstract]:In the natural wind environment, when the vehicle travels on the bridge, the vehicle-bridge coupling system composed of the vehicle and the bridge will be affected by the aerodynamic force generated by the wind load, which will have an impact on the vibration of the vehicle-bridge coupling system. The vibration of the vehicle-bridge coupling system and the driving of the vehicle will affect the natural wind field characteristics at the same time, and the aerodynamic force of the vehicle-bridge coupling system will be changed, thus forming the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling vibration system. In this paper, a bidirectional fluid-solid coupling numerical analysis method is proposed to simulate the air-vehicle-bridge spatial coupling system. The main research contents are as follows: CFD numerical simulation method is used to study the vehicle-bridge system when the vehicle is still on the bridge and when the vehicle is travelling on the bridge, and the bus and car under the action of different wind speed and different wind deflection angle are studied. The aerodynamic characteristics of semitrailers on different cross-section bridges and in different transverse positions on the bridges, and the two buses will meet each other. The aerodynamic characteristics of vehicles driving out of the tunnel to the deck of the bridge and passing through the bridge tower area are studied, and the aerodynamic coefficients and variation laws of the vehicles in different environments are obtained. It is of guiding significance for the selection of aerodynamic coefficients of vehicles on the bridge. The numerical simulation of vehicle-bridge coupling system is realized based on ANSYS software. The time-domain solution method is used to analyze the vibration response characteristics of vehicle-bridge coupling system by solving the vibration differential equation of vehicle-bridge system with time. The effects of vehicle speed, vehicle quality, vehicle quantity and longitudinal distance on vehicle and bridge vibration in vehicle-bridge coupling system are analyzed. A bidirectional fluid-solid coupling numerical method is proposed to simulate the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system. The wind loads of different wind speeds and vertical wind field models are studied. The wind field characteristics and the pressure distribution of the bridge and the space around the vehicle body in the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system with different numbers of vehicles travelling on the bridge deck are analyzed. The vibration response characteristics of the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system are analyzed. The vehicle safety in the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system is evaluated. The vehicle in the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system is subjected to the wind load at different wind deflection angles. The distribution law of the space flow field and the surface pressure around the car body, Considering the interaction between natural wind load and vehicle-bridge coupling system, the variation law of vehicle aerodynamic coefficient and its deviation angle with wind are obtained. The vehicle capsized and was on the road, In this paper, the critical wind speed of vehicle side slip under different conditions of wet, snow and ice is studied, and the lateral critical wind speed and the minimum critical wind speed of overturning and skidding hazard are compared. The methods used in the study and the conclusions obtained have reference value for vehicle safety evaluation in wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U441.3
本文编号：2287275
[Abstract]:In the natural wind environment, when the vehicle travels on the bridge, the vehicle-bridge coupling system composed of the vehicle and the bridge will be affected by the aerodynamic force generated by the wind load, which will have an impact on the vibration of the vehicle-bridge coupling system. The vibration of the vehicle-bridge coupling system and the driving of the vehicle will affect the natural wind field characteristics at the same time, and the aerodynamic force of the vehicle-bridge coupling system will be changed, thus forming the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling vibration system. In this paper, a bidirectional fluid-solid coupling numerical analysis method is proposed to simulate the air-vehicle-bridge spatial coupling system. The main research contents are as follows: CFD numerical simulation method is used to study the vehicle-bridge system when the vehicle is still on the bridge and when the vehicle is travelling on the bridge, and the bus and car under the action of different wind speed and different wind deflection angle are studied. The aerodynamic characteristics of semitrailers on different cross-section bridges and in different transverse positions on the bridges, and the two buses will meet each other. The aerodynamic characteristics of vehicles driving out of the tunnel to the deck of the bridge and passing through the bridge tower area are studied, and the aerodynamic coefficients and variation laws of the vehicles in different environments are obtained. It is of guiding significance for the selection of aerodynamic coefficients of vehicles on the bridge. The numerical simulation of vehicle-bridge coupling system is realized based on ANSYS software. The time-domain solution method is used to analyze the vibration response characteristics of vehicle-bridge coupling system by solving the vibration differential equation of vehicle-bridge system with time. The effects of vehicle speed, vehicle quality, vehicle quantity and longitudinal distance on vehicle and bridge vibration in vehicle-bridge coupling system are analyzed. A bidirectional fluid-solid coupling numerical method is proposed to simulate the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system. The wind loads of different wind speeds and vertical wind field models are studied. The wind field characteristics and the pressure distribution of the bridge and the space around the vehicle body in the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system with different numbers of vehicles travelling on the bridge deck are analyzed. The vibration response characteristics of the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system are analyzed. The vehicle safety in the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system is evaluated. The vehicle in the wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system is subjected to the wind load at different wind deflection angles. The distribution law of the space flow field and the surface pressure around the car body, Considering the interaction between natural wind load and vehicle-bridge coupling system, the variation law of vehicle aerodynamic coefficient and its deviation angle with wind are obtained. The vehicle capsized and was on the road, In this paper, the critical wind speed of vehicle side slip under different conditions of wet, snow and ice is studied, and the lateral critical wind speed and the minimum critical wind speed of overturning and skidding hazard are compared. The methods used in the study and the conclusions obtained have reference value for vehicle safety evaluation in wind-vehicle-bridge coupling system.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U441.3
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