天津高速公路交通事故规律分析
发布时间：2018-10-24 19:50
【摘要】：随着人们日益频繁的贸易往来与日常交往活动需要,高速公路成为人们经常接触的交通途径,在社会经济发展中占有重要地位。随着高速公路在我国的兴起及越来越高的使用率,高速公路在给人们带来便利性的同时也带来诸多弊端。受到驾驶习惯、气候环境因素、路面状况、汽车故障等情况的影响,高速公路事故发生率较高;同时由于车速较快,一旦发生事故,其损失往往更大并更难避免。相比于国外高速公路建设,我国的高速公路具有节假日车流量大、事故发生率路段事故量递增等特点,有必要并且亟需建立一套完善高速公路事故预防体系与应对措施,最大限度减少高速公路安全隐患以及带来的危害与损失。本文依托当前高速公路特点分析与安全管理现状,以天津市域高速公路为研究对象,对天津市域高速公路的易发拥阻点位、多雾路段、多发危险路段进行统计处理;并根据交通事故在时间上、空间上的分布规律,对交通事故发生机理进行分析;在此基础上,对天津市域高速公路的当前安全管理情况进行分析,研究天津市域高速公路交通安全的影响因素,以及路面情况、交通量、天气情况与交通事故的关联等,提出当前天津市域高速公路交通管理体系中存在的不足与漏洞,并提出相应的事故预防机制。针对天津市域高速公路预防管理中存在的管理空白、预防延迟、措施手段落后等问题,提出有效的交通事故预防机制是从根本上解决这些问题的关键。本文以灰色系统理论为基础,针对天津市域高速公路事故发生的特点,提出交通事故应急管理体系框架及交通事故预测模型,希望为天津市域高速公路现有的交通事故管理体系提供必要的改革思路,对当前的交通事故预测与应急管理体系进行调整,从而改善天津市域高速公路安全管理体系现状,也为我国高速公路安全管理工作提供有利依据。
[Abstract]:With more and more frequent trade and daily communication activities, expressway has become the traffic way that people often contact, and it plays an important role in the development of social economy. With the rise of freeway in our country and the increasing utilization rate, freeway brings convenience to people and brings many disadvantages at the same time. Due to the influence of driving habits, climate and environment factors, road conditions, vehicle failures, etc., the accident rate of expressway is higher. At the same time, because of the fast speed, once the accident occurs, the loss is often greater and more difficult to avoid. Compared with the expressway construction in foreign countries, the expressway in our country has the characteristics of large traffic volume during holidays, increasing accident rate and so on. It is necessary and urgent to establish a set of measures to improve the accident prevention system of expressway. Reduce the hidden danger of highway safety and the harm and loss to the maximum extent. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and the present situation of safety management of the current expressway, this paper takes Tianjin area expressway as the research object, and carries on the statistical treatment to the vulnerable position, the multi-fog section and the multi-dangerous section of Tianjin area expressway. Based on the distribution of traffic accidents in time and space, the mechanism of traffic accidents is analyzed. This paper studies the influencing factors of traffic safety of Tianjin area expressway, as well as the relationship between road surface condition, traffic volume, weather condition and traffic accident, and points out the shortcomings and loopholes in the current traffic management system of Tianjin area expressway. And put forward the corresponding accident prevention mechanism. In view of the problems such as blank management, delay in prevention and backward measures in the prevention and management of expressway in Tianjin, the key to solve these problems is to put forward an effective traffic accident prevention mechanism. Based on the grey system theory, this paper puts forward the framework of traffic accident emergency management system and the traffic accident prediction model according to the characteristics of expressway accidents in Tianjin. It is hoped that the necessary reform ideas will be provided for the existing traffic accident management system of Tianjin District Expressway, and the current traffic accident prediction and emergency management system will be adjusted to improve the present situation of Tianjin area Expressway Safety Management system. Also provides the advantageous basis for our country highway safety management work.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.31
本文编号：2292385
[Abstract]:With more and more frequent trade and daily communication activities, expressway has become the traffic way that people often contact, and it plays an important role in the development of social economy. With the rise of freeway in our country and the increasing utilization rate, freeway brings convenience to people and brings many disadvantages at the same time. Due to the influence of driving habits, climate and environment factors, road conditions, vehicle failures, etc., the accident rate of expressway is higher. At the same time, because of the fast speed, once the accident occurs, the loss is often greater and more difficult to avoid. Compared with the expressway construction in foreign countries, the expressway in our country has the characteristics of large traffic volume during holidays, increasing accident rate and so on. It is necessary and urgent to establish a set of measures to improve the accident prevention system of expressway. Reduce the hidden danger of highway safety and the harm and loss to the maximum extent. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and the present situation of safety management of the current expressway, this paper takes Tianjin area expressway as the research object, and carries on the statistical treatment to the vulnerable position, the multi-fog section and the multi-dangerous section of Tianjin area expressway. Based on the distribution of traffic accidents in time and space, the mechanism of traffic accidents is analyzed. This paper studies the influencing factors of traffic safety of Tianjin area expressway, as well as the relationship between road surface condition, traffic volume, weather condition and traffic accident, and points out the shortcomings and loopholes in the current traffic management system of Tianjin area expressway. And put forward the corresponding accident prevention mechanism. In view of the problems such as blank management, delay in prevention and backward measures in the prevention and management of expressway in Tianjin, the key to solve these problems is to put forward an effective traffic accident prevention mechanism. Based on the grey system theory, this paper puts forward the framework of traffic accident emergency management system and the traffic accident prediction model according to the characteristics of expressway accidents in Tianjin. It is hoped that the necessary reform ideas will be provided for the existing traffic accident management system of Tianjin District Expressway, and the current traffic accident prediction and emergency management system will be adjusted to improve the present situation of Tianjin area Expressway Safety Management system. Also provides the advantageous basis for our country highway safety management work.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.31
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