强风化混合花岗岩断层破碎带隧道涌水处治措施研究
发布时间：2018-10-26 17:23
【摘要】：公路或铁路隧道的修建往往需要穿越断层破碎带,当隧道穿越断层破碎带时,却频繁发生涌水灾害,一直以来,被认为是隧道施工中面临的较大难题之一,断层破碎带隧道涌水不仅使隧道施工安全受到威胁,同时还给隧址周边环境带来诸多负面影响。为了攻克这一施工难题,开展对其的深入研究工作是非常具有现实意义的。本文依托岑溪大隧道,通过实地踏勘,现场利用高密度电阻率法、可控源音频大地电磁法、地质预报探测仪等多种物探方法,结合地质钻探取样分析,对断层破碎带的范围、断层破碎带及其围岩的工程特性进行了调查研究,分析了隧道涌水成因机制,并提出处治措施,同时利用有限元软件进行相关模拟分析。主要得出了以下成果和结论:1.通过物探和钻探相结合的方法,确定了断层破碎带是呈开口向上的抛物线式分布发育的,其具有控水、导水的工程特性;钻探取样的结果分析表明,断层破碎带围岩具有易扰动、遇水软化等工程特性。2.根据相关的勘察分析结果,认为岑溪大隧道涌水类型属于导水断层涌水,通过建立隧道涌水力学模型,确定涌水机制为断层活化型涌水机制。3.通过阐述岑溪大隧道涌水事件的经过,采取了紧急抽水、地表塌陷处理、掌子面洞渣回填反压等应急处治措施方案,涌水灾害得到了控制,为了避免后期施工再次发生涌水,提出了全断面帷幕注浆,局部采用径向超前小导管预加固的预防处治措施,并给出具体相关技术参数。4.利用MIDAS/GTS有限元分析软件对注浆加固后的隧道,采用的三种开挖方法分别进行渗流-应力耦合的模拟分析,模拟结果显示,注浆加固后隧道涌水量明显减小,同时采用环形预留核心土开挖方法,初期支护受到的应力最小。最后通过现场实测,证明了模拟结果的正确性。岑溪大隧道实例表明,针对断层破碎带涌水,本文的研究方法及结论可推广至类似情况的其他工程。
[Abstract]:The construction of highway or railway tunnel often needs to cross the broken fault zone. When the tunnel passes through the fault broken zone, it often occurs water gushing disaster, which has been regarded as one of the great problems in tunnel construction. The tunnel water gushing in broken fault zone not only threatens the safety of tunnel construction, but also brings many negative effects to the surrounding environment of tunnel site. In order to solve this construction problem, it is of great practical significance to carry out in-depth research on it. In this paper, based on the Cenxi large tunnel, through field exploration, using high-density resistivity method, controllable source audio magnetotelluric method, geological prediction detector and other geophysical exploration methods, combined with geological drilling sampling analysis, the range of fault fracture zone is analyzed. The engineering characteristics of fault fracture zone and its surrounding rock are investigated, the formation mechanism of tunnel water gushing is analyzed, and the treatment measures are put forward. At the same time, the relevant simulation analysis is carried out by using finite element software. The main results and conclusions are as follows: 1. Through the combination of geophysical prospecting and drilling, it is determined that the fault fracture zone is a parabolic distribution with an opening up, and it has the engineering characteristics of controlling water and conducting water. The analysis of drilling sampling shows that the surrounding rock of fault fracture zone has engineering characteristics such as easy disturbance and water softening. 2. According to the results of investigation and analysis, it is considered that the type of water gushing in Cenxi large tunnel belongs to the type of water gushing of water diversion fault. Through the establishment of hydraulic model of tunnel surge, it is determined that the mechanism of water gushing is the mechanism of fault activation type of water gushing. 3. Through expounding the process of water gushing incident in Cenxi large tunnel, emergency water pumping, surface subsidence treatment, backfilling backpressure of face hole slag and other emergency treatment measures are adopted. The water gushing disaster is controlled, in order to avoid water gushing again in later construction. The prevention and treatment measures of full section curtain grouting and local prestrengthening with radial leading small ducts are put forward, and the relevant technical parameters are given. 4. The seepage and stress coupling of the three excavation methods are simulated and analyzed by using the MIDAS/GTS finite element analysis software. The simulation results show that the water inflow of the tunnel is obviously reduced after grouting reinforcement. At the same time, with the method of ring reserved core soil excavation, the stress of initial support is minimum. Finally, the correctness of the simulation results is proved by the field measurement. The example of Cenxi tunnel shows that the research method and conclusion of this paper can be extended to other similar projects.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U453.61
本文编号：2296444
[Abstract]:The construction of highway or railway tunnel often needs to cross the broken fault zone. When the tunnel passes through the fault broken zone, it often occurs water gushing disaster, which has been regarded as one of the great problems in tunnel construction. The tunnel water gushing in broken fault zone not only threatens the safety of tunnel construction, but also brings many negative effects to the surrounding environment of tunnel site. In order to solve this construction problem, it is of great practical significance to carry out in-depth research on it. In this paper, based on the Cenxi large tunnel, through field exploration, using high-density resistivity method, controllable source audio magnetotelluric method, geological prediction detector and other geophysical exploration methods, combined with geological drilling sampling analysis, the range of fault fracture zone is analyzed. The engineering characteristics of fault fracture zone and its surrounding rock are investigated, the formation mechanism of tunnel water gushing is analyzed, and the treatment measures are put forward. At the same time, the relevant simulation analysis is carried out by using finite element software. The main results and conclusions are as follows: 1. Through the combination of geophysical prospecting and drilling, it is determined that the fault fracture zone is a parabolic distribution with an opening up, and it has the engineering characteristics of controlling water and conducting water. The analysis of drilling sampling shows that the surrounding rock of fault fracture zone has engineering characteristics such as easy disturbance and water softening. 2. According to the results of investigation and analysis, it is considered that the type of water gushing in Cenxi large tunnel belongs to the type of water gushing of water diversion fault. Through the establishment of hydraulic model of tunnel surge, it is determined that the mechanism of water gushing is the mechanism of fault activation type of water gushing. 3. Through expounding the process of water gushing incident in Cenxi large tunnel, emergency water pumping, surface subsidence treatment, backfilling backpressure of face hole slag and other emergency treatment measures are adopted. The water gushing disaster is controlled, in order to avoid water gushing again in later construction. The prevention and treatment measures of full section curtain grouting and local prestrengthening with radial leading small ducts are put forward, and the relevant technical parameters are given. 4. The seepage and stress coupling of the three excavation methods are simulated and analyzed by using the MIDAS/GTS finite element analysis software. The simulation results show that the water inflow of the tunnel is obviously reduced after grouting reinforcement. At the same time, with the method of ring reserved core soil excavation, the stress of initial support is minimum. Finally, the correctness of the simulation results is proved by the field measurement. The example of Cenxi tunnel shows that the research method and conclusion of this paper can be extended to other similar projects.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U453.61
【共引文献】
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