基于自行车与电动自行车的二元混合交通流特性研究

发布时间：2018-10-29 19:29

【摘要】：我国曾是自行车大国,但是,随着社会经济的发展与城市规模的扩张,城市区块功能划分进一步细致,居民出行距离不断增加,对机动化出行的要求不断提升。近年来,一种省力、快捷、低价的交通工具—电动自行车—受到广大居民的喜爱,且发展迅速,同时也给道路交通带来诸多问题。电动自行车为两轮不稳定系统,理应与自行车共同行驶在非机动车道上,然而,由于其与自行车速度值具有明显差异,反而与机动车在城市道路上的行驶速度更为相近。这种情况导致了电动自行车大量行驶于机动车道,在机动车辆间随意穿插,对机动车流造成严重干扰,同时对其本身的安全也是一种威胁。这说明现有的非机动车道,已经不能满足自行车与电动自行车同时行驶的需要,非机动车道设施亟待改善。本文将电动自行车和传统自行车统归为非机动车范畴,摩托车不在本文讨论范畴。本文首先从研究背景开始阐述研究的必要性,在阅读大量文献并思考形成总结以后,主要通过调查、资料收集和文献查阅等方式,分析了自行车与电动自行车的外轮廓特性、驱动特性、骑行特性及速度特性。接着,通过轨迹记录法,量测出电动自行车行驶时蛇形摆动范围。并通过视频记录法分析了自行车与电动自行车在有物理隔离条件下和无物理隔离条件下,在道路上的行驶位置。接下来,从自行车与电动自行车之间的超越行为、跟随行为和避让行为三个方面,描述了自行车与电动自行车之间干扰行为。基于西安市的视频调查资料,重点对超越行为进行建模、计算、分析,并对超越行为引起的跟随和避让行为也进行了一定的说明,从而明确了自行车与电动自行车相互干扰机理。下一步,针对有机非隔离栅和无机非隔离栅两种情况,描述机动车对自行车与电动自行车的影响,明确了一般情况下道路上机动车和自行车与电动自行车之间的间距。最后,根据前面的研究成果,对城市非机动车交通设施的改善提出建议,主要是针对目前电动自行车在城市道路上出现的越来越多的情况,提出非机动车道宽度修正方法,为实际应用奠定基础。
[Abstract]:China used to be a biking country, but with the development of social economy and the expansion of city scale, the function division of urban blocks is further detailed, the travel distance of residents is increasing, and the requirement of motorized travel is constantly raised. In recent years, a labor-saving, fast, low-cost means of transportation-electric bicycle-is popular with the majority of residents, and rapid development, but also brought many problems to road traffic. The electric bicycle is a two-wheel unstable system, and it should travel in the non-motorized lane together with the bicycle. However, because of the obvious difference between the electric bicycle and the speed of the bicycle, it is more similar to the speed of the motor vehicle on the urban road. This situation has led to a large number of electric bicycles driving in the driveway, interleaved between motor vehicles, causing serious interference to the flow of motor vehicles, but also a threat to their own safety. This shows that the existing non-motorized lanes can not meet the need of bicycle and electric bicycle running at the same time, and the non-motorized lane facilities need to be improved urgently. In this paper, electric bicycle and traditional bicycle are classified as non-motor vehicles, but motorcycles are not discussed in this paper. This paper begins with the necessity of the research. After reading a lot of literature and thinking and forming a summary, this paper analyzes the outer contour characteristics of bicycle and electric bicycle by means of investigation, data collection and literature reference. Driving characteristics, riding characteristics and speed characteristics. Then, the snake swinging range of electric bicycle is measured by track recording method. The driving position of bicycle and electric bicycle on the road under the condition of physical isolation and no physical isolation was analyzed by video recording method. Then, the interference behavior between the bicycle and the electric bicycle is described from three aspects: the transcendental behavior, the following behavior and the evading behavior. Based on the video survey data of Xi'an, this paper focuses on modeling, calculating, analyzing, and explaining the following and avoiding behavior caused by transcendental behavior. Therefore, the mutual interference mechanism between bicycle and electric bicycle is clarified. The next step is to describe the influence of motor vehicle on bicycle and electric bicycle and to clarify the distance between motor vehicle and electric bicycle in general. Finally, according to the previous research results, the paper puts forward some suggestions on the improvement of urban non-motor vehicle transportation facilities, mainly aiming at more and more situations of electric bicycle on urban roads, and puts forward a method to modify the width of non-motorized carriageway. Lay the foundation for practical application.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.112

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