组团城市路网交通承载力研究

发布时间：2018-11-05 16:51

【摘要】：多中心组团式城市空间布局模式将交通压力分散到多个城市组团,与单中心城市相比,降低了交通需求在空间上的出行距离强度,可缓解城市交通大规模长距离出行的压力,维持了特大城市空间的扩张和发展,成为了特大城市发展模式的一种趋势。然而,随着交通的发展和城市组团的推进,分割各组团的河流、山脉等天然屏障被突破和侵蚀,城市组团中心出现点到面的大面积拥堵。与此同时,随着组团城市土地开发进程的普遍加快,城市建设迅速发展,组团路网等交通基础设施无法满足日益增加的交通需求,路网交通承载力负荷严重,城市交通系统在维系自身稳定发展上面临巨大的压力和挑战。因此,探寻组团城市道路网交通承载系统上限,保障城市交通畅通、有序发展,成为亟待解决的城市交通问题。路网交通承载力是交通承载力的一个子系统,组团城市的路网可以进一步划分为组团内部路网和组团之间快速通道两个部分,本文首次将路网交通承载力的研究应用到组团城市路网上,试图通过计算组团城市的路网交通承载力进一步确定组团城市承载力水平和机动车保有量规模,从而为限制机动车发展规模或限制进入组团的机动车数量提供理论参考依据。本文首先研究了路网交通承载力的几种计算方法,通过对比不同方法的适应性,找出适合本次研究的路网承载力计算方法——时空消耗法,并通过大数据进行部分参数的标定；其次研究了组团城市的道路网特性和交通特性,从宏观的角度分析了组团内部路网交通流、速度和密度的交通流特性,并进一步分析了组团问快速通道的车辆延误和排队的交通流特性；利用时空消耗法建立组团城市路网交通承载力模型,模型分为组团内部路网交通承载力和组团之间快速通道交通承载力两个部分,并参考交通服务水平等级划分方式,将路网交通承载力划分为四个水平等级,用以评价路网现状承载力水平；文章最后以重庆市南岸区组团为背景,通过计算南岸区组团路网承载力来验证模型的可行性和有效性。论文的研究成果可以衡量组团城市路网系统的路网承载水平,从直观上了解城市的现状路网承载情况,通过路网承载水平计算机动车保有量规模,从而控制城市机动车的发展速度。论文还研究了不同车速下的路网承载力,相关部门通过控制城市车流的合理运行速度,可以达到组团城市路网承载力的最大化,为交通管理提供新的视野和方法。
[Abstract]:Compared with the single center city, the multi-center urban spatial layout model distributes the traffic pressure to the multi-city group. Compared with the single-center city, it reduces the travel distance intensity of the traffic demand in the space, and can relieve the pressure of the large-scale long-distance travel of the urban traffic. It maintains the expansion and development of megacities and becomes a trend of megalopolis development model. However, with the development of traffic and the promotion of urban groups, natural barriers such as rivers and mountains are broken through and eroded, and a large area of congestion occurs in the center of urban groups. At the same time, with the rapid development of urban land development and the rapid development of urban construction, traffic infrastructure such as regiment network can not meet the increasing traffic demand, and the traffic carrying capacity of road network is serious. The urban transportation system faces enormous pressure and challenge in maintaining its own stable development. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to explore the upper limit of traffic carrying system of urban road network, to ensure the smooth and orderly development of urban traffic. The traffic carrying capacity of the road network is a subsystem of the traffic carrying capacity. The road network of the regiment city can be further divided into two parts: the inner network of the group and the fast passage between the groups. In this paper, the research of traffic carrying capacity of road network is applied to the urban road network for the first time, which attempts to determine the level of carrying capacity and the size of vehicle ownership by calculating the network traffic carrying capacity of the city. It provides a theoretical reference for limiting the development scale of motor vehicles or limiting the number of motor vehicles entering the regiment. Firstly, this paper studies several calculation methods of road network traffic carrying capacity. By comparing the adaptability of different methods, we find out the method of space-time consumption, which is suitable for this study, and calibrate some parameters through big data. Secondly, the characteristics of road network and traffic in group cities are studied, and the characteristics of traffic flow, speed and density of road network are analyzed from the macro point of view. Furthermore, the characteristics of vehicle delay and traffic flow in queue are analyzed. The traffic carrying capacity model of urban road network is established by using space-time consumption method. The model is divided into two parts: the traffic carrying capacity of the road network within the group and the traffic carrying capacity of the rapid passage between the groups, and the traffic service level is classified according to the traffic service level. The traffic carrying capacity of the road network is divided into four levels, which is used to evaluate the carrying capacity level of the road network. Finally, the feasibility and validity of the model are verified by calculating the bearing capacity of the cluster network in Nanan district of Chongqing. The research results of the paper can measure the road network carrying level of the urban road network system, understand the current situation of the urban road network from the visual view, and calculate the scale of the vehicle ownership through the road network bearing level. In order to control the speed of development of urban motor vehicles. The paper also studies the bearing capacity of the road network under different speed. By controlling the reasonable speed of the urban traffic flow, the relevant departments can maximize the carrying capacity of the urban road network and provide a new vision and method for traffic management.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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