考虑地下水作用的隧道围岩块体稳定性分析方法及可视化程序开发
发布时间：2018-11-06 09:34
【摘要】：随着交通、水利、市政等工程建设的高速发展,隧道、基坑、边坡及地下洞室等岩体工程的建造也随之呈现出了明显的增长趋势,而由于对工程岩体了解的不够和分析方法的不足,岩石工程建设中也面临着边坡滑坡、隧道塌方、地下空间大变形等工程灾害,因而国内外学者对于岩石工程的研究也愈发受到重视。通过岩体稳定性分析,研究工程岩体在外力作用下发生变形的特征与产生破坏的规律,并以此评估岩体稳定性,为岩石工程设计和施工提供指导,为制定针对性的支护和加固方案提供依据。在节理裂隙发育的工程岩体中,薄弱结构面是导致围岩失稳的内在因素,工程开挖扰动打破块体的原始平衡状态,临空面的产生和外力荷载的施加都可能导致块体的滑移,进而引起围岩失稳。石根华提出的块体理论以结构面的几何参数和力学特性作为岩体稳定性分析中的控制因素,强调了结构面的重要性。自提出以来,块体理论以其数学完备性和应用简便性,广泛应用于岩石工程的稳定性分析中。本文基于块体理论做了以下研究:(1)研究了块体理论基本原理,利用矢量分析方法实现可动块体和关键块体的计算,并将其应用于隧道围岩的稳定性分析中,研究讨论了地下水压力、块体尺寸和结构面产状分布等因素对块体稳定性的影响,研究了基于块体理论的锚喷支护计算。(2)研究了一种扩展的关键块体理论——关键块体群方法,其研究对象不仅是单个块体,还包括由若干块体组成的块组,让块体稳定性分析更具完备性。各关键块体组安全系数的加权平均值可以表征岩体系统的整体稳定性。关键块体群方法应用于隧道围岩块体稳定分析中,可以考虑锚杆支护的作用,评估支护后的围岩稳定性,并做出优化。(3)研究讨论了动荷载对围岩稳定性的影响,通过等效静力法将动荷载转化为静力引入到块体理论的计算中,通过块体累积位移法将作用时程内动荷载的影响用累积位移的方式表征。(4)岩体中结构面的产状在一定范围内变化,但是一般认为其分布服从一定的规律,基于结构可靠度的思想,通过蒙特卡罗方法,分析了结构面参数的不确定性对块体稳定性的影响;研究了结构面产状服从正态分布和极值I型分布时块体的破坏模式和块体可靠度;用块体的可靠度结合安全系数作为评价块体稳定性的两大指标。(5)基于块体理论,利用VB语言开发可视化关键块体计算程序KBCALC 3.0实现了关键块体识别、块体安全系数、块体大小的快速计算;通过VB和CAD的混合编程实现了块体形状、块体位置、块体破坏轨迹的显示和块体破坏模式的三维动态展示。利用该程序对福寿高速公路长岗隧道某洞段围岩稳定性进行了计算,讨论了水压力、块体大小、结构面力学参数等对块体稳定性的影响,进行了块体可靠度分析,并基于块体计算结果进行了锚杆支护设计。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of traffic, water conservancy and municipal engineering, the construction of rock mass projects such as tunnels, foundation pits, slopes and underground caverns has also shown an obvious trend of growth. However, due to the lack of understanding of the engineering rock mass and the insufficiency of the analytical method, the rock engineering construction is also faced with engineering disasters such as slope landslide, tunnel collapse, large deformation of underground space, etc. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the study of rock engineering by domestic and foreign scholars. Through the stability analysis of rock mass, the characteristics of deformation and failure of engineering rock mass under the action of external force are studied, and the stability of rock mass is evaluated in order to provide guidance for the design and construction of rock engineering. It provides the basis for the establishment of targeted support and reinforcement schemes. In the engineering rock mass with joints and fractures, the weak structural plane is the internal factor that leads to the instability of surrounding rock, the disturbance of excavation breaks the original equilibrium state of the block, the generation of the face near the void and the application of external force load may lead to the slippage of the block. Then the surrounding rock is unstable. The block theory put forward by Shi Guanhua takes the geometric parameters and mechanical properties of the structural plane as the controlling factor in the stability analysis of rock mass and emphasizes the importance of the structural plane. Since it was put forward, block theory has been widely used in the stability analysis of rock engineering due to its mathematical completeness and simplicity. In this paper, the following research is done based on block theory: (1) the basic principle of block theory is studied, and the calculation of movable block and key block is realized by using vector analysis method, and it is applied to the stability analysis of tunnel surrounding rock. The effects of groundwater pressure, block size and distribution of structure surface on block stability are studied and discussed. The calculation of bolting and shotcrete support based on block theory is studied. (2) an extended key block theory, the key block group method, is studied. The research object is not only a single block, but also a block group composed of several blocks. Make block stability analysis more complete. The weighted average of the safety factor of the key blocks can represent the overall stability of the rock mass system. When the key block group method is applied to the stability analysis of surrounding rock mass in tunnel, the effect of bolt support can be considered, and the stability of surrounding rock after supporting can be evaluated and optimized. (3) the influence of dynamic load on the stability of surrounding rock is studied and discussed. The equivalent static method is used to transform the dynamic load into the static force, which is introduced into the calculation of the block theory. The effect of internal dynamic load on the action time history is characterized by accumulative displacement method by block cumulative displacement method. (4) the occurrence of structural plane in rock mass varies within a certain range, but its distribution is generally considered to follow a certain law. Based on the idea of structural reliability, the influence of uncertainty of structural plane parameters on block stability is analyzed by Monte Carlo method. The failure mode and block reliability of blocks with normal distribution and type I distribution of extreme value are studied. The reliability of blocks is combined with safety factor as two indexes to evaluate block stability. (5) based on block theory, a visual key block calculation program KBCALC 3.0 is developed by using VB language to realize block identification and block safety factor. Fast calculation of block size; Through the mixed programming of VB and CAD, the display of block shape, block position, block failure trajectory and 3D dynamic display of block failure mode are realized. The stability of surrounding rock in a section of Changgang Tunnel of Fu-shou Expressway is calculated by using this program. The effects of water pressure, block size and mechanical parameters of structural plane on block stability are discussed, and the block reliability is analyzed. And based on the results of block calculation, the design of bolt support is carried out.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U451.2
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of traffic, water conservancy and municipal engineering, the construction of rock mass projects such as tunnels, foundation pits, slopes and underground caverns has also shown an obvious trend of growth. However, due to the lack of understanding of the engineering rock mass and the insufficiency of the analytical method, the rock engineering construction is also faced with engineering disasters such as slope landslide, tunnel collapse, large deformation of underground space, etc. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the study of rock engineering by domestic and foreign scholars. Through the stability analysis of rock mass, the characteristics of deformation and failure of engineering rock mass under the action of external force are studied, and the stability of rock mass is evaluated in order to provide guidance for the design and construction of rock engineering. It provides the basis for the establishment of targeted support and reinforcement schemes. In the engineering rock mass with joints and fractures, the weak structural plane is the internal factor that leads to the instability of surrounding rock, the disturbance of excavation breaks the original equilibrium state of the block, the generation of the face near the void and the application of external force load may lead to the slippage of the block. Then the surrounding rock is unstable. The block theory put forward by Shi Guanhua takes the geometric parameters and mechanical properties of the structural plane as the controlling factor in the stability analysis of rock mass and emphasizes the importance of the structural plane. Since it was put forward, block theory has been widely used in the stability analysis of rock engineering due to its mathematical completeness and simplicity. In this paper, the following research is done based on block theory: (1) the basic principle of block theory is studied, and the calculation of movable block and key block is realized by using vector analysis method, and it is applied to the stability analysis of tunnel surrounding rock. The effects of groundwater pressure, block size and distribution of structure surface on block stability are studied and discussed. The calculation of bolting and shotcrete support based on block theory is studied. (2) an extended key block theory, the key block group method, is studied. The research object is not only a single block, but also a block group composed of several blocks. Make block stability analysis more complete. The weighted average of the safety factor of the key blocks can represent the overall stability of the rock mass system. When the key block group method is applied to the stability analysis of surrounding rock mass in tunnel, the effect of bolt support can be considered, and the stability of surrounding rock after supporting can be evaluated and optimized. (3) the influence of dynamic load on the stability of surrounding rock is studied and discussed. The equivalent static method is used to transform the dynamic load into the static force, which is introduced into the calculation of the block theory. The effect of internal dynamic load on the action time history is characterized by accumulative displacement method by block cumulative displacement method. (4) the occurrence of structural plane in rock mass varies within a certain range, but its distribution is generally considered to follow a certain law. Based on the idea of structural reliability, the influence of uncertainty of structural plane parameters on block stability is analyzed by Monte Carlo method. The failure mode and block reliability of blocks with normal distribution and type I distribution of extreme value are studied. The reliability of blocks is combined with safety factor as two indexes to evaluate block stability. (5) based on block theory, a visual key block calculation program KBCALC 3.0 is developed by using VB language to realize block identification and block safety factor. Fast calculation of block size; Through the mixed programming of VB and CAD, the display of block shape, block position, block failure trajectory and 3D dynamic display of block failure mode are realized. The stability of surrounding rock in a section of Changgang Tunnel of Fu-shou Expressway is calculated by using this program. The effects of water pressure, block size and mechanical parameters of structural plane on block stability are discussed, and the block reliability is analyzed. And based on the results of block calculation, the design of bolt support is carried out.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U451.2
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1 张露晨;李育慧;李树忱;马腾飞;谢璨;;动荷载作用下隧道围岩块体稳定性分析及其应用[J];岩土力学;2016年11期
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