城市道路交叉口指路标志信息有效性量化模型研究
发布时间：2018-11-08 09:43
【摘要】：指路标志信息不仅在微观层面决定道路使用者通行时的阶段性决策,更在宏观层面影响路网交通的整体性效率,因而确保指路标志信息具备较高的有效性是保证交通信息供需平衡与稳定,以及实现道路使用者通行高效与可靠的先决条件。论文着眼于道路使用者认知指路标志信息的认读、理解及反应阶段,立足于信息构成内容及排布形式与道路使用者导行需求及理解能力间匹配关系的微观、根本层面,探讨指路标志信息自身特性及道路使用者特性对信息有效性的影响机理,开展对城市道路指路标志信息有效性的分析及量化研究。首先,论文探讨了代表性城市道路指路标志信息构成及排布形式,分析了指路标志信息供给与道路使用者导行需求的匹配关系,重点梳理了指路标志信息发布逻辑理念,主要包括标志信息服务目标、信息内容构成、信息发布形式以及信息数量等。其次,通过开展信息理解性实验探讨道路使用者对不同信息排布形式的认知水平及差异,以研究信息排布形式对其有效性的影响,结果表明信息排布形式对道路使用者判读实际路网布局及走向具有明显的暗示作用;通过开展信息需求性实验探讨道路使用者对不同信息构成内容的需求规律及差异,以研究信息构成内容对其有效性的影响,结果表明并非所有的指引信息都能较好地满足道路使用者的导行需求和心理预期。再次,结合人机工效学理论选取信息需求满足程度、信息适量程度、信息理解难易度及驾驶人心理预期作为量化指标,构建城市道路指路标志信息有效性量化模型;结合信息学理论,选取“是否满足需求”、“是否易于理解”及“是否符合预期”作为量化指标,构建城市道路指路标志信息有效性熵量化模型。最后,论文设计案例指路标志开展信息有效性量化,比较分析量化结果数据表明本研究所构建的量化模型是合理的,具有较好的适用性。相较于以往对于指路标志效用的主观感知与评价,论文开展的信息有效性分析及量化研究,能够以更为精确、直观的方式反映城市道路指路标志的服务效用,进而为更加合理地设计、设置城市道路指路标志提供参考依据。
[Abstract]:Road sign information not only determines the stage decision of road users at the micro level, but also affects the overall efficiency of road network traffic at the macro level. Therefore, it is a prerequisite to guarantee the balance and stability of traffic information supply and demand, and to realize the high efficiency and reliability of road users to ensure the high efficiency and reliability of the road sign information. This paper focuses on the recognition, understanding and response stage of road users' cognitive guidance information, and based on the microscopic and fundamental level of the matching relationship between the content and layout of the information and the road users' guiding needs and understanding ability. This paper probes into the mechanism of the influence of the characteristics of road guide information and the characteristics of road users on the information validity, and carries out an analysis and quantitative study on the information effectiveness of urban road signs. First of all, the paper discusses the composition and layout of road sign information in representative cities, analyzes the matching relationship between the supply of road guide information and the guide demand of road users, and focuses on combing the logical concept of road guide information release. It mainly includes the target of sign information service, the composition of information content, the form of information release and the quantity of information. Secondly, the cognitive level and difference of road users on different information arrangement forms are discussed through the information comprehension experiment, in order to study the influence of information arrangement form on its effectiveness. The results show that the layout of information has obvious implications for road users to interpret the actual road network layout and direction. In order to study the influence of information content on the effectiveness of road users, the law and difference of road users' demand for different information components are discussed through the information demand-demand experiment. The results show that not all the guidance information can meet the guidance needs and psychological expectations of road users. Thirdly, combining with ergonomics theory, this paper selects the degree of information demand satisfaction, the appropriate degree of information, the difficulty of information understanding and the psychological expectation of the driver as the quantitative index to construct the quantitative model of the information validity of the urban road guide sign. Based on the theory of informatics, this paper selects "whether to satisfy the demand", "is easy to understand" and "whether meets the expectation" as the quantitative index, and constructs the entropy quantization model of the information validity of the urban road guide sign. Finally, the paper designs the case guide sign to carry on the information validity quantization, the comparison analysis quantization result data indicates that the quantitative model constructed by this research is reasonable, has the good applicability. Compared with the previous subjective perception and evaluation of the utility of the guide signs, the information validity analysis and quantitative research carried out in this paper can reflect the service utility of the urban road signs in a more accurate and intuitive way. Further more, it provides reference for more reasonable design and setting up urban road guide signs.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.52
本文编号：2318102
[Abstract]:Road sign information not only determines the stage decision of road users at the micro level, but also affects the overall efficiency of road network traffic at the macro level. Therefore, it is a prerequisite to guarantee the balance and stability of traffic information supply and demand, and to realize the high efficiency and reliability of road users to ensure the high efficiency and reliability of the road sign information. This paper focuses on the recognition, understanding and response stage of road users' cognitive guidance information, and based on the microscopic and fundamental level of the matching relationship between the content and layout of the information and the road users' guiding needs and understanding ability. This paper probes into the mechanism of the influence of the characteristics of road guide information and the characteristics of road users on the information validity, and carries out an analysis and quantitative study on the information effectiveness of urban road signs. First of all, the paper discusses the composition and layout of road sign information in representative cities, analyzes the matching relationship between the supply of road guide information and the guide demand of road users, and focuses on combing the logical concept of road guide information release. It mainly includes the target of sign information service, the composition of information content, the form of information release and the quantity of information. Secondly, the cognitive level and difference of road users on different information arrangement forms are discussed through the information comprehension experiment, in order to study the influence of information arrangement form on its effectiveness. The results show that the layout of information has obvious implications for road users to interpret the actual road network layout and direction. In order to study the influence of information content on the effectiveness of road users, the law and difference of road users' demand for different information components are discussed through the information demand-demand experiment. The results show that not all the guidance information can meet the guidance needs and psychological expectations of road users. Thirdly, combining with ergonomics theory, this paper selects the degree of information demand satisfaction, the appropriate degree of information, the difficulty of information understanding and the psychological expectation of the driver as the quantitative index to construct the quantitative model of the information validity of the urban road guide sign. Based on the theory of informatics, this paper selects "whether to satisfy the demand", "is easy to understand" and "whether meets the expectation" as the quantitative index, and constructs the entropy quantization model of the information validity of the urban road guide sign. Finally, the paper designs the case guide sign to carry on the information validity quantization, the comparison analysis quantization result data indicates that the quantitative model constructed by this research is reasonable, has the good applicability. Compared with the previous subjective perception and evaluation of the utility of the guide signs, the information validity analysis and quantitative research carried out in this paper can reflect the service utility of the urban road signs in a more accurate and intuitive way. Further more, it provides reference for more reasonable design and setting up urban road guide signs.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.52
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