基于车路耦合安全度模型的山区公路弯道设计理论研究
发布时间：2018-11-18 13:54
【摘要】：早期西部山区公路由于受特殊地理条件以及经济预算的双重限制,导致部分路段在实际设计中接近或低于规范要求。一条山区公路可以同时存在如长大下坡、急弯、弯坡组合等危险路段,为车辆安全运行埋下严重隐患。随着机动车保有率的不断上升,西部山区交通事故问题日益凸显。以重庆市为例,重庆市山区公路事故率逐年增长,造成严重经济损失。如果在公路线形设计时能够提供科学合理的设计理论,事故率便能有效的减少。今年我国“一带一路”政策方针的实施,将会在我国西部地区掀起新一轮的公路建设。找出事故频发原因,针对设计规范进行改进是本文的目的。山区公路弯道路段单位里程交通事故率远高于直线路段,弯道路段事故形态主要为车辆侧翻与侧滑。本文针对山区公路的弯道路段设计规范提出有效评价方法。通常情况下道路线形安全评价是建立在试车试验的基础上,由于弯道路段试车实验过于危险,本文采用了计算机仿真模拟。首先通过分析车辆在弯道行驶时的受力特点,分别从整车受力与前后轴受力,对车辆发生侧翻与侧滑的状态,建立包含平曲线半径参数的受力模型。通过公式计算出最小半径值,与规范最小半径值进行比较。以整车分析的计算值接近极限最小半径,以前后轴分析的计算值接近一般最小半径,证明了公式的合理性。通过对比分析不同仿真软件的优劣,确定了使用Carsim软件进行仿真模拟。分别建立人—车—路模型,模拟车辆在弯道行驶发生侧翻与侧滑的状态,确立以发生侧滑时所对应车路参数进行研究。从不同半径、不同超高、不同车型的仿真进行侧滑比较,将仿真结果数据进行线形拟合,确定平曲线设计阈值,此阈值远小于规范值。重新对车辆侧滑定义,采取车辆横向摆角作为研究因素,确定关于横向摆角的计算公示与临界值。通过仿真得到车辆转向角与前后轮侧偏角,将数据带入横向摆角公式,计算临界值对应弯道半径,将数据线形拟合,最终确定了平曲线设计合理阈值,也证明了Carsim软件的精准性。本课题研究对车辆在弯道安全行驶提供理论参考,对现有规范值提出合理的建议,具有一定的实际研究意义。
[Abstract]:Due to the double restriction of special geographical conditions and economic budget in the early western mountainous highway, some sections of the highway were close to or lower than the requirements of the specifications in the actual design. A mountain highway can exist at the same time, such as long downhill, sharp bend, bending slope combination and other dangerous sections, for the safe operation of vehicles buried serious hidden dangers. With the increase of vehicle retention rate, the traffic accident problem in western mountainous area is becoming more and more prominent. Taking Chongqing as an example, the accident rate of mountain roads in Chongqing increases year by year, causing serious economic losses. If scientific and reasonable design theory can be provided in highway alignment design, the accident rate can be reduced effectively. The implementation of Belt and Road's policy this year will set off a new round of highway construction in western China. The purpose of this paper is to find out the causes of frequent accidents and to improve the design specifications. The traffic accident rate per unit mileage of mountain road bend section is much higher than that of straight road section, and the accident form of bend road section is mainly vehicle rollover and sideslip. In this paper, an effective evaluation method is put forward for the design code of bend section of mountain highway. In general, the road alignment safety evaluation is based on the test. Due to the dangerous test on the bend section, the computer simulation is used in this paper. Firstly, through the analysis of the force characteristics of the vehicle driving in the bend, the stress model including the radius parameter of the plane curve is established from the force of the whole vehicle and the force on the front and rear axle, respectively, to the state of the vehicle rollover and sideslip. The minimum radius value is calculated by the formula and compared with the standard minimum radius value. The calculation value of the whole vehicle analysis is close to the limit minimum radius, and the calculation value of the former rear axle analysis is close to the general minimum radius, which proves the rationality of the formula. By comparing and analyzing the merits and demerits of different simulation software, Carsim software is used for simulation. The human-vehicle-road model was established to simulate the state of rollover and sideslip, and the corresponding road parameters were established. From different radii, different ultra-high and different vehicle models, the side slip is compared, and the simulation data are fitted linearly to determine the design threshold of flat curve, which is far less than the standard value. The definition of lateral slip of vehicle is redefined and the lateral swing angle of vehicle is taken as the research factor to determine the calculation publicity and critical value of lateral swing angle. The steering angle of the vehicle and the lateral deflection angle of the front and rear wheel are obtained by simulation, and the data are brought into the lateral swinging angle formula, the critical value corresponding to the curve radius is calculated, and the data line fitting is carried out, and the reasonable threshold value for the design of the flat curve is finally determined. It also proves the accuracy of Carsim software. This research provides a theoretical reference for the safe driving of vehicles in the bend, and puts forward reasonable suggestions to the existing standard values, which has a certain practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U412.36
本文编号：2340214
[Abstract]:Due to the double restriction of special geographical conditions and economic budget in the early western mountainous highway, some sections of the highway were close to or lower than the requirements of the specifications in the actual design. A mountain highway can exist at the same time, such as long downhill, sharp bend, bending slope combination and other dangerous sections, for the safe operation of vehicles buried serious hidden dangers. With the increase of vehicle retention rate, the traffic accident problem in western mountainous area is becoming more and more prominent. Taking Chongqing as an example, the accident rate of mountain roads in Chongqing increases year by year, causing serious economic losses. If scientific and reasonable design theory can be provided in highway alignment design, the accident rate can be reduced effectively. The implementation of Belt and Road's policy this year will set off a new round of highway construction in western China. The purpose of this paper is to find out the causes of frequent accidents and to improve the design specifications. The traffic accident rate per unit mileage of mountain road bend section is much higher than that of straight road section, and the accident form of bend road section is mainly vehicle rollover and sideslip. In this paper, an effective evaluation method is put forward for the design code of bend section of mountain highway. In general, the road alignment safety evaluation is based on the test. Due to the dangerous test on the bend section, the computer simulation is used in this paper. Firstly, through the analysis of the force characteristics of the vehicle driving in the bend, the stress model including the radius parameter of the plane curve is established from the force of the whole vehicle and the force on the front and rear axle, respectively, to the state of the vehicle rollover and sideslip. The minimum radius value is calculated by the formula and compared with the standard minimum radius value. The calculation value of the whole vehicle analysis is close to the limit minimum radius, and the calculation value of the former rear axle analysis is close to the general minimum radius, which proves the rationality of the formula. By comparing and analyzing the merits and demerits of different simulation software, Carsim software is used for simulation. The human-vehicle-road model was established to simulate the state of rollover and sideslip, and the corresponding road parameters were established. From different radii, different ultra-high and different vehicle models, the side slip is compared, and the simulation data are fitted linearly to determine the design threshold of flat curve, which is far less than the standard value. The definition of lateral slip of vehicle is redefined and the lateral swing angle of vehicle is taken as the research factor to determine the calculation publicity and critical value of lateral swing angle. The steering angle of the vehicle and the lateral deflection angle of the front and rear wheel are obtained by simulation, and the data are brought into the lateral swinging angle formula, the critical value corresponding to the curve radius is calculated, and the data line fitting is carried out, and the reasonable threshold value for the design of the flat curve is finally determined. It also proves the accuracy of Carsim software. This research provides a theoretical reference for the safe driving of vehicles in the bend, and puts forward reasonable suggestions to the existing standard values, which has a certain practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U412.36
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 祝军;李一兵;;汽车侧翻和滚翻事故建模研究[J];汽车工程;2006年03期
2 李以农;卢少波;郑玲;杨柳;;车辆弯道变速行驶时的纵横向耦合控制研究[J];系统仿真学报;2007年23期
，本文编号：2340214
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