基于RFID的交通信息采集系统的研究与设计
发布时间：2018-11-18 22:01
【摘要】：随着国民经济的飞速发展,交通需求不断增加,交通拥堵、交通违规等现象频繁发生,已成为各个城市面临的共同问题,智能交通运输系统ITS(Intelligent Transportation System)正是解决道路交通问题的一个有效方法。ITS能否稳定而高效地运行,关键取决于获取实时、全面、准确的交通信息。针对现有交通信息采集方法的不足之处,论文提出采用携带无源标签的车辆作为电子标识,以实现一种基于RFID的交通信息采集系统的研究与设计。论文介绍和分析了现有智能交通信息采集系统存在的问题,阐述了RFID应用于交通信息采集的必要性,并对国内外的研究现状进行了详细地介绍。文章把无源车载标签应用到交通信息采集系统中,提出了双频处理的方案,低频率用于无源车载标签供电,高频率用于数据交换;在多个无源车载标签难以识别的前提下提出了预先侦测查询树防碰撞算法的改进算法和按段排序防碰撞算法;对于数据的安全传输,系统采用了DES加密和解密算法;在系统的设计上,论文首先构建了整个系统,对系统的各个主要功能模块进行了划分,完成了系统的软件设计,然后论文分两个章节重点设计了系统的硬件部分,主要是读卡器和无源车载标签的设计,其中读卡器的设计包括读卡器的总体框架、读卡器的外围电路、读卡器的数字硬件逻辑设计,而无源车载标签的设计上,主要涉及到总体框架、关键外围电路、关键数字逻辑设计,后面对硬件中部分重要模块进行了仿真验证。最后,根据设计方案对文中提出的两种射频识别防碰撞算法进行了MATLAB仿真,对读卡器与无源车载标签数字硬件逻辑核心模块中的防碰撞模块与DES加密解密模块进行了Moldesim仿真,并对无源车载标签的无线供电进行了模拟实验,仿真和实验结果表明该系统具备多标签防冲突、多标签快速识别、数据加密解密的功能,并验证了无源车载标签应用于交通信息采集的可行性,开创了一个新的应用前景。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, traffic demand is increasing, traffic congestion, traffic violations and other phenomena occur frequently, which has become a common problem faced by every city. Intelligent Transportation system (ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) is an effective method to solve road traffic problems. Whether ITS can run stably and efficiently depends on obtaining real-time, comprehensive and accurate traffic information. In order to realize the research and design of a traffic information collection system based on RFID, the paper proposes to use the vehicle with passive label as the electronic marking to overcome the shortcomings of the existing traffic information collection methods. This paper introduces and analyzes the problems existing in the existing intelligent traffic information collection system, expounds the necessity of the application of RFID in traffic information collection, and introduces in detail the current research situation at home and abroad. In this paper, the passive vehicle label is applied to the traffic information collection system, and a dual frequency processing scheme is proposed. The low frequency is used for the passive vehicle label power supply, and the high frequency is used for data exchange. Under the premise that many passive vehicle tags are difficult to identify, the improved algorithm of pre-detection query tree anti-collision algorithm and the anti-collision algorithm of sorting according to segment are put forward, and the DES encryption and decryption algorithm are used for the secure transmission of data. In the design of the system, the thesis first constructs the whole system, divides the main function modules of the system, completes the software design of the system, and then designs the hardware part of the system in two chapters. It is mainly about the design of card reader and passive vehicle label, in which the design of card reader includes the overall frame of card reader, the peripheral circuit of card reader, the digital hardware logic design of card reader, and the design of passive vehicle label. It mainly involves the overall framework, the key peripheral circuits, the key digital logic design, and then some important modules in the hardware are simulated and verified. Finally, according to the design scheme, the two anti-collision algorithms proposed in this paper are simulated by MATLAB, and the anti-collision module and DES encryption and decryption module of card reader and passive vehicle tag digital logic module are simulated by Moldesim. The simulation experiment on wireless power supply of passive vehicle label shows that the system has the functions of multi-label anti-collision, multi-label fast recognition, data encryption and decryption. The feasibility of application of passive vehicle label to traffic information collection is verified, which opens up a new application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U495
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, traffic demand is increasing, traffic congestion, traffic violations and other phenomena occur frequently, which has become a common problem faced by every city. Intelligent Transportation system (ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) is an effective method to solve road traffic problems. Whether ITS can run stably and efficiently depends on obtaining real-time, comprehensive and accurate traffic information. In order to realize the research and design of a traffic information collection system based on RFID, the paper proposes to use the vehicle with passive label as the electronic marking to overcome the shortcomings of the existing traffic information collection methods. This paper introduces and analyzes the problems existing in the existing intelligent traffic information collection system, expounds the necessity of the application of RFID in traffic information collection, and introduces in detail the current research situation at home and abroad. In this paper, the passive vehicle label is applied to the traffic information collection system, and a dual frequency processing scheme is proposed. The low frequency is used for the passive vehicle label power supply, and the high frequency is used for data exchange. Under the premise that many passive vehicle tags are difficult to identify, the improved algorithm of pre-detection query tree anti-collision algorithm and the anti-collision algorithm of sorting according to segment are put forward, and the DES encryption and decryption algorithm are used for the secure transmission of data. In the design of the system, the thesis first constructs the whole system, divides the main function modules of the system, completes the software design of the system, and then designs the hardware part of the system in two chapters. It is mainly about the design of card reader and passive vehicle label, in which the design of card reader includes the overall frame of card reader, the peripheral circuit of card reader, the digital hardware logic design of card reader, and the design of passive vehicle label. It mainly involves the overall framework, the key peripheral circuits, the key digital logic design, and then some important modules in the hardware are simulated and verified. Finally, according to the design scheme, the two anti-collision algorithms proposed in this paper are simulated by MATLAB, and the anti-collision module and DES encryption and decryption module of card reader and passive vehicle tag digital logic module are simulated by Moldesim. The simulation experiment on wireless power supply of passive vehicle label shows that the system has the functions of multi-label anti-collision, multi-label fast recognition, data encryption and decryption. The feasibility of application of passive vehicle label to traffic information collection is verified, which opens up a new application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U495
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