沥青搅拌设备振动筛的动力学分析及优化设计
发布时间：2018-11-20 09:15
【摘要】：振动筛作为公路建设中的关键设备,其生产率、筛分效率和工作寿命的高低都对公路施工有着重要的影响,因而受到人们的普遍关注。经过实际调研与试验发现,振动筛常常因结构不合理而出现筛分效率低、使用寿命短等问题。本文以4000型沥青搅拌设备振动筛为研究对象,建立了其详细的动力学模型,对其开展了动力学分析、有限元仿真及参数优化,具体做了以下工作:建立了振动筛的三维模型,并结合实体模型详细分析了振动筛的结构。采用牛顿法建立了振动筛系统的动力学模型,求解获得了筛箱和各激振器的振动幅值和运动规律。在此基础上探究了振动筛的筛箱主振幅与支撑弹簧刚度、激振频率、筛面倾角等参数之间的作用关系,为新型振动筛的设计提供了参考依据。完成了筛箱系统的有限元模态仿真,分析其模态振型和固有频率,得到该振动筛的工作频率远离其固有频率,不会发生共振。通过对筛箱系统的瞬态动力学分析,得到其等效应力分布云图,经计算结构满足强度要求。观察某一节点的y向应力-时间曲线,发现节点在简谐力的作用下,其应力随时间做周期变化。提出一种新的振动筛优化模型,利用序列二次规划(SQP)法对模型求解得到最优值,综合实现了振动筛质量较轻、单位功率的生产量较高及振动强度较大的优化目标。有限元校核优化结果,发现优化后的振动筛满足强度要求且不会出现共振。本论文理论分析和仿真分析相结合,对振动筛各零部件的受力及运动情况进行了详细分析,建立了一种新的沥青搅拌设备振动筛参数优化模型,可为新型振动筛的设计与应用提供一定的借鉴价值。
[Abstract]:As the key equipment in highway construction, the productivity, screening efficiency and working life of vibrating screen have an important influence on highway construction, so people pay more attention to it. Through the actual investigation and experiment, it is found that the vibrating screen often has the problems of low screening efficiency and short service life because of unreasonable structure. In this paper, the detailed dynamic model of 4000 type asphalt mixer vibrating screen is established, and its dynamics analysis, finite element simulation and parameter optimization are carried out. The following work is done: the three-dimensional model of vibrating screen is established. The structure of vibrating screen is analyzed in detail with solid model. The dynamic model of vibrating screen system is established by Newton method. The vibration amplitude and motion law of the screen box and each exciter are obtained. On this basis, the relationship between the main amplitude of the screen box and the parameters such as the stiffness of the supporting spring, the frequency of excitation and the angle of inclination of the screen surface is explored, which provides a reference for the design of the new vibrating screen. The finite element modal simulation of the screen box system is completed and the modal mode and natural frequency are analyzed. The operating frequency of the vibrating screen is far from its natural frequency and no resonance will occur. By analyzing the transient dynamics of the screen box system, the equivalent stress distribution cloud diagram is obtained, and the calculated structure meets the strength requirement. By observing the y direction stress-time curve of a certain node, it is found that the stress of the node changes periodically with time under the action of harmonic force. A new optimization model of vibrating screen is proposed. The optimal value is obtained by using sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method to solve the model. The optimization objectives of lower quality, higher output per unit power and larger vibration intensity are achieved synthetically. It is found that the optimized vibrating screen meets the intensity requirement and does not appear resonance. Combined with theoretical analysis and simulation analysis, this paper analyzes in detail the force and motion of the components and parts of the vibrating screen, and establishes a new optimization model for the parameters of the vibrating screen of the asphalt mixing equipment. It can provide some reference value for the design and application of the new vibrating screen.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U415.5
本文编号：2344510
[Abstract]:As the key equipment in highway construction, the productivity, screening efficiency and working life of vibrating screen have an important influence on highway construction, so people pay more attention to it. Through the actual investigation and experiment, it is found that the vibrating screen often has the problems of low screening efficiency and short service life because of unreasonable structure. In this paper, the detailed dynamic model of 4000 type asphalt mixer vibrating screen is established, and its dynamics analysis, finite element simulation and parameter optimization are carried out. The following work is done: the three-dimensional model of vibrating screen is established. The structure of vibrating screen is analyzed in detail with solid model. The dynamic model of vibrating screen system is established by Newton method. The vibration amplitude and motion law of the screen box and each exciter are obtained. On this basis, the relationship between the main amplitude of the screen box and the parameters such as the stiffness of the supporting spring, the frequency of excitation and the angle of inclination of the screen surface is explored, which provides a reference for the design of the new vibrating screen. The finite element modal simulation of the screen box system is completed and the modal mode and natural frequency are analyzed. The operating frequency of the vibrating screen is far from its natural frequency and no resonance will occur. By analyzing the transient dynamics of the screen box system, the equivalent stress distribution cloud diagram is obtained, and the calculated structure meets the strength requirement. By observing the y direction stress-time curve of a certain node, it is found that the stress of the node changes periodically with time under the action of harmonic force. A new optimization model of vibrating screen is proposed. The optimal value is obtained by using sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method to solve the model. The optimization objectives of lower quality, higher output per unit power and larger vibration intensity are achieved synthetically. It is found that the optimized vibrating screen meets the intensity requirement and does not appear resonance. Combined with theoretical analysis and simulation analysis, this paper analyzes in detail the force and motion of the components and parts of the vibrating screen, and establishes a new optimization model for the parameters of the vibrating screen of the asphalt mixing equipment. It can provide some reference value for the design and application of the new vibrating screen.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U415.5
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