基于集装箱堆存策略的闸口服务水平优化方法研究

发布时间：2018-11-27 08:01

【摘要】：随着世界经济一体化进程的快速推进,集装箱运输在国内外经济和贸易往来中发挥着越来越重要的作用。近年来,港口集装箱吞吐量快速增长和集装箱船也不断向大型化发展,部分港区已经开始出现严重的拥堵问题,闸口经常出现集卡排队的情况,严重制约了港区作业和集疏运效率。特别是集卡到港的不均衡性,使得港区闸口通过能力不能完全发挥,也是导致港区闸口排队现象严重的重要原因之一。本文通过分析集装箱港区作业特点、船舶到港规律及集卡到港规律,提出将免费堆存期细化成若干时间段和适当延长堆存期的优化策略,以调整港外集卡的到达时刻,实现不同时段集卡到港数量的相对均衡,进而缓解闸口处的集卡排队的情况,提升港区闸口服务水平。在充分考虑船舶和集卡到港的不均衡和随机性的基础上,本文构建集装箱港区集疏运作业系统仿真模型,并将本文所提出的堆存期优化策略作为方案集成到模型之中,仿真模拟不同堆存期策略对港区闸口服务水平的影响。以北方某港区实际运营数据对模型进行校验,并将本文所提出的闸口服务水平优化方法应用于该港区,仿真模拟多种组合堆存策略,并对闸口排队系统相关指标进行分析,结果表明堆存期分段越细,闸口的服务水平越高,且对出口箱堆存期分段的效果稍好于对进口箱分段策略,同时堆存期越长,闸口的服务水平也越高,且延长出口箱堆存期的效果稍优于延长进口箱堆存期。本文所提出的基于堆存策略的优化方法可有效均衡集卡的到港,减少集卡的集中到达,进而提升闸口的服务水平,对于港区实际运营和管理具有参考意义,港区可结合自身运营情况和各类可用资源现状选择合适的堆存策略。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of world economic integration, container transportation plays a more and more important role in domestic and foreign economy and trade. In recent years, the port container throughput has increased rapidly and container ships have been developing to a large scale. Some port areas have already started to have serious congestion problems. Seriously restricted the port area operation and the collection and distribution efficiency. Especially, the imbalance of collecting card to the port makes the passing capacity of the gate in the port can not be brought into full play, and it is also one of the important reasons for the serious queue phenomenon of the gate in the port area. Based on the analysis of the operation characteristics of container port area, the law of ship arrival and the law of collecting card to port, this paper puts forward the optimization strategy of refining the free storage period into several time periods and prolonging the storage period appropriately, in order to adjust the arrival time of the card outside the port. To realize the relative equilibrium of the number of card arrivals in different periods of time, and then to alleviate the situation of card collection queue at the gate, and to improve the service level of the gate in the port area. On the basis of considering the unbalance and randomness of ship and container port, this paper constructs the simulation model of container port area gathering and distributing operation system, and integrates the storage period optimization strategy proposed in this paper into the model. Simulation of different storage period strategy on the port gate service level. Based on the actual operation data of a port area in the north of China, the model is verified, and the optimization method of gate service level proposed in this paper is applied to the port area to simulate various combined stacking strategies, and to analyze the relevant indexes of gate queuing system. The results show that the finer the storage period, the higher the service level of the gate, and the better the effect of the segmentation on the storage period of the export box is, and the longer the storage period is, the higher the service level of the gate is. And the effect of prolonging the storage period of export box is slightly better than that of prolonging the storage period of import box. The proposed optimization method based on storage strategy can effectively balance the arrival of the card, reduce the centralized arrival of the card, and then improve the service level of the gate, which is of reference significance for the actual operation and management of the port area. The port area can choose appropriate stacking strategy according to its own operation and the current situation of all kinds of available resources.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U691.3

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