时间依赖需求下多车型快速公交发车频率优化

发布时间：2018-11-27 21:48

【摘要】：以公共交通网络中的单条快速公交线路为研究对象,分析了快速公交车辆的发车间隔特征和沿线乘客出行需求的时间依赖特征;考虑多类型公交车辆协同作业,以所有乘客的累计等待时间最小和车辆的平均满载率最大为目标,以最小、最大发车时间间隔和车辆运能的供需比为约束,建立多类型快速公交车辆协同作业模式下的发车频率优化模型;利用改进的非支配排序遗传算法对模型求解,并应用兰州市快速公交数据进行实例分析。分析结果表明:乘客累计等待时间分别取最大值、中间值和最小值时,优化后的发车次数比实际发车次数分别降低22.9%、16.7%和8.4%,对应的车辆平均满载率分别提高27.4%、15.1%和3.9%;与单一类型的快速公交车辆独立作业相比,2种类型的快速公交车辆协同作业的平均发车次数增加7.9%,平均乘客累计等待时间降低23.8%。可见,根据乘客出行需求的时间依赖特征,合理安排不同类型的快速公交车辆协同作业,对发车频率进行优化,能有效减少乘客等待时间,提高公交车辆利用效率。
[Abstract]:Taking the single bus rapid transit line in the public transport network as the research object, the characteristics of departure interval of bus rapid transit vehicle and the time dependence characteristics of passenger travel demand along the route are analyzed. Considering the cooperative operation of multi-type public transport vehicles, the minimum cumulative waiting time and the maximum average full load rate of all passengers are taken as the goal, and the minimum, maximum departure time interval and the ratio of supply and demand of vehicle capacity are taken as constraints. The optimization model of departure frequency is established under the cooperative operation mode of multi-type bus rapid transit vehicles. The model is solved by the improved undominated sorting genetic algorithm, and the example is analyzed by using the bus rapid transit data in Lanzhou. The results show that when the accumulated waiting time of passengers is taken as the maximum value, the intermediate value and the minimum value, the optimized departure times are 22. 9% or 16. 7% and 8. 4% lower than the actual departure times, respectively. The average full load rate of the corresponding vehicles increased by 27.4% and 3.9%, respectively. Compared with the single type of BRT vehicle, the average departure times of the two types of BRT vehicles were increased by 7.9 times, and the average passenger waiting time was reduced by 23.8. It can be seen that according to the time-dependent characteristics of passenger travel demand reasonable arrangement of different types of bus rapid transit vehicle coordinated operation to optimize the departure frequency can effectively reduce the waiting time of passengers and improve the efficiency of public transport vehicles.
【作者单位】：兰州交通大学机电技术研究所;兰州交通大学交通运输学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(61164003,51408288,61563029) 甘肃省自然科学基金项目(148RJZA049) 兰州市科技计划项目(2014-1-172) 兰州交通大学青年科学研究基金项目(2014014)
【分类号】：U491.17

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