斜坡区桥梁地基灾变风险评估与控制
发布时间：2018-12-12 12:47
【摘要】：随着近年来我国对西南部开发力度的加大,在斜坡区构筑桥梁地基的情况也越来越多。桥梁作为重要的结构物,任何微小的变形都可能会对桥梁结构造成危害。所以在选线阶段,一般都要避开滑坡等斜坡灾害。但是由于我国地形的局限性,有些高等级公路或铁路的建设无法完全避免在滑坡上修筑桥梁。斜坡区桥梁地基的灾变类型在本文中考虑的主要有两种:崩塌和滑坡。针对崩塌灾变的风险评估的研究较少,主要是因为其影响的范围较小和深度较低,所以其造成的经济损失和伤亡较低。而滑坡的风险评估的研究开展较深入,部分国家或地区的学术机构已经对滑坡风险评估提出了一系列的研究计划。还是对于滑坡的易损性方面的研究却相对较少,部分问题有待解决。斜坡区灾变的控制方法的研究前人已经提出很多,但是斜坡灾变与桥梁地基的结合却相对较少,可根据不同的滑坡类型而进行不一样的治理措施。本文通过理论研究和实例分析,进行斜坡区桥梁地基灾变的风险评估和控制。在目前斜坡风险评估理论的基础上,对斜坡区崩塌进行风险评估方法进行系统整理,对滑坡进行危险性评价和易损性分析,并以棕树凼大桥滑坡为例。论文主要取得了以下的成果和结论:①综合考虑滑坡物理力学参数和外界触发条件的不确定性,进行滑坡破坏概率的研究。滑坡破坏失稳的影响因素很多,外因和内因都是不可忽略的因素。在本文中,降雨是主要的考虑因素。归纳的降雨极值数据选样的办法有皮尔逊III型分布和耿贝尔分布线型,给出了在不同降雨出现概率的情况下的滑坡失稳概率求解方法。②提出了桥梁滑坡的控制的措施,包括施工过程中的桥梁滑坡失稳与运营阶段的桥梁滑坡失稳。③滑坡易损性的研究过程中,加入了公路桥梁的易损性研究,为公路桥梁路基的易损性评价提供基础。④以棕树凼大桥滑坡为例,进行变形阶段阶段风险评估的实例分析。利用了棕树凼大桥滑坡的相关资料和有关滑坡体上部的调查数据。论文统计分析了1980年至2012年的日降雨量的数据,分别对3个时段的5日、10日、15日的最大累计降雨量进行频率分布曲线的估算和优化,选择了皮尔逊III型分布进行棕树凼多日累计极值降雨分布概率的计算,并以两种时期的降雨量极值计算滑坡失稳破坏的概率。并通过Geo-Studio软件模拟在T1和T2工况下的滑坡变形位移情况。同时,对滑坡承载体进行易损性的评价。在滑坡破坏概率和易损性评价的基础上,得到了不同工况下滑坡风险评估结果。
[Abstract]:With the development of southwestern China in recent years, the construction of bridge foundation in slope area is more and more. Bridge as an important structure, any small deformation may cause harm to the bridge structure. Therefore, in line selection stage, generally to avoid landslides and other slope disasters. However, due to the limitation of terrain in China, the construction of some high-grade highways or railways can not completely avoid the construction of bridges on landslides. There are two main types of bridge foundation cataclysm in this paper: collapse and landslide. The research on risk assessment of collapse and catastrophe is less, mainly because of its smaller range and lower depth, so the economic loss and casualties caused by it are low. However, the research on landslide risk assessment has been carried out deeply, and some academic institutions in some countries or regions have put forward a series of research plans for landslide risk assessment. However, there are few researches on the vulnerability of landslide, and some problems need to be solved. There have been many researches on the control methods of slope disaster, but the combination of slope catastrophe and bridge foundation is relatively few, and different treatment measures can be carried out according to different landslide types. In this paper, the risk assessment and control of bridge foundation catastrophe in slope area are carried out through theoretical research and practical analysis. Based on the theory of slope risk assessment, the risk assessment method of slope collapse is systematically arranged, and the risk assessment and vulnerability analysis of landslide are carried out. The landslide of Changshutang Bridge is taken as an example. The main achievements and conclusions are as follows: (1) considering the uncertainty of physical and mechanical parameters and triggering conditions of landslide, the failure probability of landslide is studied. There are many factors affecting landslide failure and instability, both external and internal factors can not be ignored. In this paper, rainfall is the main consideration. The methods for selecting rainfall extremum data are Pearson III distribution and Geng Bell distribution. The method of solving landslide instability probability under different rainfall probability is given. 2. The control measures of bridge landslide are put forward. Including the bridge landslide instability in the construction process and the bridge landslide instability in the operation stage. 3 in the research process of landslide vulnerability, the study on the vulnerability of highway bridges has been added. This paper provides the basis for evaluating the vulnerability of highway bridge subgrade. 4 taking the Changshutang Bridge landslide as an example, the case study of risk assessment in deformation stage is carried out. The related data of Changshutang Bridge landslide and the survey data of the upper part of the landslide are used. The data of daily rainfall from 1980 to 2012 are statistically analyzed. The frequency distribution curves of the maximum accumulated rainfall of 5 days, 10 days and 15 days of three periods are estimated and optimized, respectively. The Pearson III type distribution is selected to calculate the probability of the cumulative maximum value of rainfall in many days of palm tree and the probability of landslide instability is calculated by the extreme value of rainfall in two periods. The deformation and displacement of landslide under T 1 and T 2 conditions were simulated by Geo-Studio software. At the same time, the vulnerability of landslide bearing body is evaluated. Based on the evaluation of landslide failure probability and vulnerability, the results of landslide risk assessment under different working conditions are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U442
本文编号：2374579
[Abstract]:With the development of southwestern China in recent years, the construction of bridge foundation in slope area is more and more. Bridge as an important structure, any small deformation may cause harm to the bridge structure. Therefore, in line selection stage, generally to avoid landslides and other slope disasters. However, due to the limitation of terrain in China, the construction of some high-grade highways or railways can not completely avoid the construction of bridges on landslides. There are two main types of bridge foundation cataclysm in this paper: collapse and landslide. The research on risk assessment of collapse and catastrophe is less, mainly because of its smaller range and lower depth, so the economic loss and casualties caused by it are low. However, the research on landslide risk assessment has been carried out deeply, and some academic institutions in some countries or regions have put forward a series of research plans for landslide risk assessment. However, there are few researches on the vulnerability of landslide, and some problems need to be solved. There have been many researches on the control methods of slope disaster, but the combination of slope catastrophe and bridge foundation is relatively few, and different treatment measures can be carried out according to different landslide types. In this paper, the risk assessment and control of bridge foundation catastrophe in slope area are carried out through theoretical research and practical analysis. Based on the theory of slope risk assessment, the risk assessment method of slope collapse is systematically arranged, and the risk assessment and vulnerability analysis of landslide are carried out. The landslide of Changshutang Bridge is taken as an example. The main achievements and conclusions are as follows: (1) considering the uncertainty of physical and mechanical parameters and triggering conditions of landslide, the failure probability of landslide is studied. There are many factors affecting landslide failure and instability, both external and internal factors can not be ignored. In this paper, rainfall is the main consideration. The methods for selecting rainfall extremum data are Pearson III distribution and Geng Bell distribution. The method of solving landslide instability probability under different rainfall probability is given. 2. The control measures of bridge landslide are put forward. Including the bridge landslide instability in the construction process and the bridge landslide instability in the operation stage. 3 in the research process of landslide vulnerability, the study on the vulnerability of highway bridges has been added. This paper provides the basis for evaluating the vulnerability of highway bridge subgrade. 4 taking the Changshutang Bridge landslide as an example, the case study of risk assessment in deformation stage is carried out. The related data of Changshutang Bridge landslide and the survey data of the upper part of the landslide are used. The data of daily rainfall from 1980 to 2012 are statistically analyzed. The frequency distribution curves of the maximum accumulated rainfall of 5 days, 10 days and 15 days of three periods are estimated and optimized, respectively. The Pearson III type distribution is selected to calculate the probability of the cumulative maximum value of rainfall in many days of palm tree and the probability of landslide instability is calculated by the extreme value of rainfall in two periods. The deformation and displacement of landslide under T 1 and T 2 conditions were simulated by Geo-Studio software. At the same time, the vulnerability of landslide bearing body is evaluated. Based on the evaluation of landslide failure probability and vulnerability, the results of landslide risk assessment under different working conditions are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U442
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 周芬,郭生练,肖义,徐长江;P-Ⅲ型分布参数估计方法的比较研究[J];水电能源科学;2003年03期
2 李旭光;叶尚其;邬贵全;;滑坡地区桥梁病害原因分析与对策研究[J];西南公路;2006年03期
，本文编号：2374579
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/daoluqiaoliang/2374579.html
