城市轨道交通突发中断事件下公交接驳优化设计研究

发布时间：2018-12-13 03:42

【摘要】：作为城市公共交通中最为重要的交通方式之一,城市轨道交通系统(URT)满足了高密度客流的通勤需求,更是以其准时、高效和低排放的优点越来越受通勤者的青睐,但也正是因为其运能大、系统相对封闭,因此系统内轻微的故障或者破坏都可能导致严重后果。由于车站内和车厢内空间有限且密闭,而较大的乘客密度更容易造成大量乘客滞留,导致较大的交通延误和诱发踩踏事件。此时,不仅影响公共交通秩序,造成通勤延误,更重要的是会对通勤者造成其不可承受的后果。因此在城市轨道交通突发中断事件,必须及时响应应急服务进行人员疏运。通常情况下,根据实际需求设计应急线路作为主要的疏运线路,选用轻动便捷易调配的公交车作为主要的疏运工具且将可用资源分配到应急线路上,有效地疏散地铁站内或车厢内的滞留乘客,满足通勤者的通勤需求,使整个公共交通系统的交通秩序保持稳定。本文研究城市轨道交通突发中断事件时公交接驳服务制定的相关问题,主要内容如下:1、分别阐述不同类型的突发事件,并对其发生在线路上的不同位置时对路网产生的影响进行详细分析。明确论文的研究对象为突发事件发生后造成线路中断。综合国内外城市轨道交通突发中断事件应急响应的相关理论,研究其实施方法。2、选用机动灵活、部署便捷的公共汽车作为城市轨道交通突发中断事件客流疏运的联动方式。分析城市轨道交通突发中断事件应急响应流程、公交应急桥街的执行流程,最后详细论述公交接驳服务响应的具体流程:首先定义接驳环境,其次设计应急接驳线路,最后分配可用资源到接驳线路上。3、制定应急公交接驳服务方案。确定公交备车点,以受影响的通勤者为研究对象,建立路径生成和车辆资源分配模型。考虑滞留通勤者部分并未选择接驳服务,而是自行选择其他交通方式到达自己目的地。考虑通勤者的行为选择建立路径生成模型,使得路网内总时间延误最小化。综合考虑应急公交满载率、运力、乘客总出行时间,制定应急接驳服务方案,并给出相应模型的求解算法。4、算例分析。假定北京市南二环至南四环某一区域的城市轨道交通发生突发事件造成轨道交通线路部分中断。以此为背景进行算例计算,验证本文所建模型的有效性和在实际环境中的可用性,并对计算结果进行分析。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important traffic modes in urban public transportation, urban rail transit system (URT) meets the commuting demand of high density passenger flow, and is more and more favored by commuters because of its advantages of punctuality, high efficiency and low emission. However, because of its large capacity and relatively closed system, slight failure or damage can lead to serious consequences. Due to the limited and airtight space in the station and the carriage, the larger passenger density is more likely to lead to a large number of passengers stranded, leading to greater traffic delays and induced stampede. At this time, it not only affects the order of public transportation, causes delay of commuting, but also causes unbearable consequences for commuters. Therefore, in the urban rail transit sudden interruption, we must respond to the emergency services in time to carry out personnel transportation. In general, according to the actual needs, the emergency line is designed as the main transportation line, and the light, convenient and easily deployed bus is chosen as the main transportation tool, and the available resources are allocated to the emergency line. Effectively evacuate the stranded passengers in the subway station or in the car to meet the commuter's commuter demand and make the traffic order of the whole public transport system stable. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The different types of emergency are discussed. The influence of different location on the road network is analyzed in detail. It is clear that the research object of this paper is the interruption of the line caused by the unexpected events. Based on the relevant theories of emergency response of urban rail transit sudden interruption at home and abroad, this paper studies its implementation method. 2. Select flexible and convenient bus as the linkage mode of urban rail transit sudden interruption event passenger flow. This paper analyzes the emergency response flow of urban rail transit sudden interruption event and the execution flow of bus emergency bridge street. At last, the specific process of bus connection service response is discussed in detail: first, define the connection environment, secondly, design the emergency connection line. Finally, allocate available resources to the feeder line. 3, formulate emergency bus connection service program. Taking the affected commuter as the research object, the route generation and vehicle resource allocation model are established. Consider that the stranded commuters do not choose to access the service, but choose other means of transport to their destination. Considering the behavior choice of commuters, a path generation model is established to minimize the total delay in the road network. Considering the full load rate of emergency public transportation, capacity and total travel time of passengers, the emergency connection service scheme is formulated, and the algorithm of solving the corresponding model is given. 4, the example analysis is given. It is assumed that the urban rail transit in a certain area from the south second ring to the south fourth ring in Beijing is interrupted partly by an unexpected event. An example is given to verify the validity of the proposed model and its availability in a practical environment, and the results are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U12

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