基于元胞自动机的变道交通流特性研究
发布时间：2018-12-16 10:45
【摘要】：车道变换行为是多车道交通流中的普遍现象。关于变道有一个著名的悖论“欲速则不达”,也就是说为了追求更快的行驶速度而进行车道变换,结果反而变得更慢。然而这个悖论并不总是成立,而是有特定的发生范围。受到宏观微观相结合思想的启发,在分析车道变换行为、混合交通流特性、连续交通流特性的基础上,建立考虑连续流宏观特性的元胞自动机交通流模型。针对城市单向路段连续交通流,采用对称型变道规则,分析自由车道变换行为引起交通流整体状态的变化。仿真结果表明,随着车辆到达概率的增大,车道变换对交通流的增益作用逐渐过渡到削弱作用。为了确定这个正反作用的临界范围,分别以车辆平均延误(时间指标)、可通行的最大流量(空间指标)为控制指标,建立以控制指标作为因变量,车辆到达概率、绿信比作为自变量的二元函数空间曲面,通过对比自由变道和直行两个曲面、求解交线在平面上的投影,得到悖论发生的临界范围。分别讨论交通流状态的三个范围(正常区、过渡区、悖论发生区),深入分析自由变道机制导致悖论发生的原因,并得出了相应的结论与建议。针对双向双车道逆向超车交通流,采用非对称型变道规则,全面模拟了单向交通流、不对称交通流和对称交通流的超车现象。分别以平均密度、平均车速、车辆平均延误、可通行的最大流量这四个交通流参数为控制指标,建立以控制指标作为因变量,本车道车辆到达概率、逆向车道车辆到达概率作为自变量的二元函数空间曲面,得到超车行为正反作用的临界范围。分别仿真不同型式的路中标线,通过定性定量的比较分析,确定了双向双车道上路中标线的最佳型式。本文考虑连续交通流特性,建立元胞自动机模型,在理论上提出了单双向路段的变道交通流理论,在应用上验证了变道悖论,并分别确定了自由变道和超车行为正反作用的临界范围。根据这些临界范围,可以改善交通管理,优化交通组织。
[Abstract]:Lane switching is a common phenomenon in multi-lane traffic flow. There is a famous paradox about changing lanes, that is, to change lanes for the sake of faster speed, the result is slower. However, this paradox is not always true, but has a specific scope. Inspired by the idea of combining macro and micro, a cellular automata traffic flow model considering the macroscopic characteristics of continuous flow is established on the basis of analyzing the behavior of lane change, the characteristics of mixed traffic flow and the characteristics of continuous traffic flow. In view of the continuous traffic flow in a one-way road section of a city, the change of the overall state of the traffic flow caused by the changing behavior of the free lane is analyzed by using symmetrical changing rules. The simulation results show that with the increase of vehicle arrival probability, the gain effect of lane change on traffic flow is gradually transferred to weakening effect. In order to determine the critical range of the positive and negative effects, the average vehicle delay (time index) and the maximum flow rate (spatial index) are taken as the control index respectively, and the vehicle arrival probability is established with the control index as the dependent variable. The space surface of binary function with green signal ratio as independent variable is solved by comparing two surfaces of free path and straight line, and the critical range of paradox is obtained by solving the projection of intersection line on the plane. This paper discusses the three ranges of traffic flow state (normal area, transition area and paradox occurrence area), analyzes the causes of the paradox caused by the mechanism of free change of course, and draws the corresponding conclusions and suggestions. Aiming at the two-way two-lane reverse overtaking traffic flow, the overtaking phenomenon of one-way traffic flow, asymmetric traffic flow and symmetrical traffic flow is simulated by using asymmetric lane changing rules. Taking the average density, average speed, average vehicle delay and maximum traffic flow as the control indexes, the paper establishes the arrival probability of the vehicle in the driveway by taking the control index as the dependent variable. The critical range of the positive and negative effects of overtaking behavior is obtained by using the space surface of the binary function of the arrival probability of the reverse lane vehicle as an independent variable. Through the qualitative and quantitative comparison and analysis, the optimal pattern of the bidirectional two-lane road marking line is determined. In this paper, considering the characteristics of continuous traffic flow, the cellular automata model is established, and the theory of changing channel traffic flow in single and bidirectional road sections is proposed theoretically, and the theory of changing channel paradox is verified in application. The critical range of the positive and negative effects of free lane changing and overtaking is determined respectively. According to these critical ranges, traffic management can be improved and traffic organization can be optimized.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.112
本文编号：2382208
[Abstract]:Lane switching is a common phenomenon in multi-lane traffic flow. There is a famous paradox about changing lanes, that is, to change lanes for the sake of faster speed, the result is slower. However, this paradox is not always true, but has a specific scope. Inspired by the idea of combining macro and micro, a cellular automata traffic flow model considering the macroscopic characteristics of continuous flow is established on the basis of analyzing the behavior of lane change, the characteristics of mixed traffic flow and the characteristics of continuous traffic flow. In view of the continuous traffic flow in a one-way road section of a city, the change of the overall state of the traffic flow caused by the changing behavior of the free lane is analyzed by using symmetrical changing rules. The simulation results show that with the increase of vehicle arrival probability, the gain effect of lane change on traffic flow is gradually transferred to weakening effect. In order to determine the critical range of the positive and negative effects, the average vehicle delay (time index) and the maximum flow rate (spatial index) are taken as the control index respectively, and the vehicle arrival probability is established with the control index as the dependent variable. The space surface of binary function with green signal ratio as independent variable is solved by comparing two surfaces of free path and straight line, and the critical range of paradox is obtained by solving the projection of intersection line on the plane. This paper discusses the three ranges of traffic flow state (normal area, transition area and paradox occurrence area), analyzes the causes of the paradox caused by the mechanism of free change of course, and draws the corresponding conclusions and suggestions. Aiming at the two-way two-lane reverse overtaking traffic flow, the overtaking phenomenon of one-way traffic flow, asymmetric traffic flow and symmetrical traffic flow is simulated by using asymmetric lane changing rules. Taking the average density, average speed, average vehicle delay and maximum traffic flow as the control indexes, the paper establishes the arrival probability of the vehicle in the driveway by taking the control index as the dependent variable. The critical range of the positive and negative effects of overtaking behavior is obtained by using the space surface of the binary function of the arrival probability of the reverse lane vehicle as an independent variable. Through the qualitative and quantitative comparison and analysis, the optimal pattern of the bidirectional two-lane road marking line is determined. In this paper, considering the characteristics of continuous traffic flow, the cellular automata model is established, and the theory of changing channel traffic flow in single and bidirectional road sections is proposed theoretically, and the theory of changing channel paradox is verified in application. The critical range of the positive and negative effects of free lane changing and overtaking is determined respectively. According to these critical ranges, traffic management can be improved and traffic organization can be optimized.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.112
【参考文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 黄秋菊;车道变换行为特性及其对交通安全影响的研究[D];哈尔滨工业大学;2007年
2 黄瑞锦;特种车通行影响下城市交通流元胞自动机模型研究[D];哈尔滨工业大学;2014年
，本文编号：2382208
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