快速路公交专用道设置对交通影响分析及对策研究
发布时间：2019-01-02 17:30
【摘要】：我国城市化进程的快速推进,带动了城市经济的飞速发展,同时也使城市交通超负荷运转,交通拥堵问题已经逐渐成为我国城市的共性问题,以北京为例的大型城市面临的交通拥堵问题尤为突出,并已成为了制约城市发展的顽疾。城市快速路作为城市道路网的主骨架,是城市各区域之间和城市对外交通联络的大动脉,同时也承担了通勤通道的作用,使得大量车流涌向城市快速路,造成了包括北京在内的很多大型城市快速路拥堵、“快速路不快”的现象。实施“公交优先”政策以缓解城市交通拥堵问题已成为世界各地交通管理部门的共识,而设置公交专用道是推行“公交优先”政策最为行之有效的措施之一。利用城市快速路的高机动性,通过在快速路上施划公交专用道可大幅提高城市公共交通的运行速度、周转效率,同时提高公共交通服务水平以增大吸引力,推动居民出行结构的优化。然而,公交专用道的施划将占用部分社会车辆行驶空间,如何协调社会车辆与公交车的道路资源时空分配,保证公交车的高效运行及快速路的基本通畅成为了在快速路上施划公交专用道面临的主要问题。本论文在总结国内外研究现状的基础上,首先分析了适用于快速路的公交专用道的设置形式与设置必要条件。然后,基于Q-Paramics微观仿真模型对北京市西南三环快速路进行建模,并量化分析公交专用道设置前后的仿真结果,并对公交专用道实施后的实测数据和实施之前的仿真预评估数据进行了误差分析,验证了模型的有效性。最后,针对公交专用道设置后对快速路交通的影响,提出了应对措施,并用西南三环快速路进行对策的实例分析与仿真分析。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in our country, the rapid development of urban economy and the overload of urban traffic have become the common problems in Chinese cities. Taking Beijing as an example, the problem of traffic congestion in large cities is particularly prominent and has become a persistent problem restricting the development of cities. As the main skeleton of the urban road network, urban expressway is the main artery of urban traffic communication between different areas and the city, and it also plays the role of commuting passage, which makes a lot of traffic flow to the urban expressway. Caused many large cities, including Beijing, freeway congestion, "expressway is not fast" phenomenon. The implementation of "bus priority" policy to alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion has become the consensus of traffic management departments around the world, and the establishment of bus lanes is one of the most effective measures to implement "bus priority" policy. Taking advantage of the high mobility of the urban expressway, the speed and turnover efficiency of urban public transport can be greatly improved by the use of bus lanes on the expressway, and at the same time, the service level of public transport can be improved to increase its attractiveness. Promote the optimization of resident travel structure. However, the design of bus lanes will occupy part of the driving space of social vehicles. How to coordinate the space-time distribution of road resources between social vehicles and buses, To ensure the efficient operation of the bus and the basic smooth of the expressway has become the main problem of the bus lane on the expressway. On the basis of summing up the current research situation at home and abroad, this paper first analyzes the setting form and necessary condition of the bus lane suitable for expressway. Then, based on the Q-Paramics microscopic simulation model, the paper models the southwest third Ring Road Expressway in Beijing, and quantitatively analyzes the simulation results before and after the setting up of the bus lane. The error analysis of the measured data after the implementation of the bus lane and the pre-evaluation data before the implementation is carried out, which verifies the validity of the model. Finally, aiming at the influence of bus lane setting on the expressway traffic, the countermeasures are put forward, and the example analysis and simulation analysis of the countermeasures are carried out with the Southwest third Ring Road Expressway.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.17
本文编号：2398777
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in our country, the rapid development of urban economy and the overload of urban traffic have become the common problems in Chinese cities. Taking Beijing as an example, the problem of traffic congestion in large cities is particularly prominent and has become a persistent problem restricting the development of cities. As the main skeleton of the urban road network, urban expressway is the main artery of urban traffic communication between different areas and the city, and it also plays the role of commuting passage, which makes a lot of traffic flow to the urban expressway. Caused many large cities, including Beijing, freeway congestion, "expressway is not fast" phenomenon. The implementation of "bus priority" policy to alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion has become the consensus of traffic management departments around the world, and the establishment of bus lanes is one of the most effective measures to implement "bus priority" policy. Taking advantage of the high mobility of the urban expressway, the speed and turnover efficiency of urban public transport can be greatly improved by the use of bus lanes on the expressway, and at the same time, the service level of public transport can be improved to increase its attractiveness. Promote the optimization of resident travel structure. However, the design of bus lanes will occupy part of the driving space of social vehicles. How to coordinate the space-time distribution of road resources between social vehicles and buses, To ensure the efficient operation of the bus and the basic smooth of the expressway has become the main problem of the bus lane on the expressway. On the basis of summing up the current research situation at home and abroad, this paper first analyzes the setting form and necessary condition of the bus lane suitable for expressway. Then, based on the Q-Paramics microscopic simulation model, the paper models the southwest third Ring Road Expressway in Beijing, and quantitatively analyzes the simulation results before and after the setting up of the bus lane. The error analysis of the measured data after the implementation of the bus lane and the pre-evaluation data before the implementation is carried out, which verifies the validity of the model. Finally, aiming at the influence of bus lane setting on the expressway traffic, the countermeasures are put forward, and the example analysis and simulation analysis of the countermeasures are carried out with the Southwest third Ring Road Expressway.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.17
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，本文编号：2398777
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