基于综合延误的公交优先信号控制方法研究

发布时间：2019-01-10 18:07

【摘要】：公共交通具有运量大、高效、环保、安全等优点,优先发展公共交通被普遍认为是缓解交通拥挤,提高交通效率的有效手段之一。实现公交优先的方法有空间优先和时间优先两种。由于开辟公交专用道需要道路空间条件满足才能发挥作用,然而一些山地城市或者老城区道路狭窄,没有足够的空间修建公交专用道且公交流量较大,因此对于这种情况就需要从时间上来实现公交优先。目前传统的公交优先控制大多数是从降低车辆延误进行考虑,然而由于公交车辆的载客量远远高于其他社会车辆,制定公交优先控制方案时既要保证人的通过数最大,又保证交叉口车辆畅通。因此论文从车辆延误和乘客延误两方面对公交优先控制方法进行了研究。论文针对单个交叉口单个相位单辆公交优先控制和多个相位多辆公交优先控制这两种情况,提出了各自相应的控制方法。对于单点单相位单辆公交优先申请的情况,分别根据绿灯延长和绿灯提前启亮两种策略建立以通过交叉口的人总延误为目标的控制模型,并给出了模型的约束条件,通过求解模型得到控制参数。对于多相位多辆公交优先控制的情况,根据就近绿灯原则确定公交车辆的优先级别,并给出了公交优先冲突的判定方法,以确定公交车优先申请是否可以共存。接着应用决策树法以公交车辆的人均延误最小为决策目标找出最佳的优先申请顺序,以确定最优的控制方案,实现公交优先。随后,论文针对多交叉口公交被动优先协调控制的情况,分析了车队到达交叉口所受到的不同形式的延误与相位差的关系,接着确定了实施协调控制的周期、绿信比、相位差等参数的约束条件,建立了一种以人均延误最小为目标的协调控制模型,通过确定周期、绿信比、相位差以实现公交优先信号协调控制方案。
[Abstract]:Public transport has the advantages of large capacity, high efficiency, environmental protection, safety and so on. It is generally considered as one of the effective means to alleviate traffic congestion and improve traffic efficiency. There are two methods to realize bus priority: space priority and time priority. However, some mountainous cities or old urban areas have narrow roads, so there is not enough space to build bus lanes and the traffic flow is large. Therefore, in this case, we need to achieve bus priority in time. At present, most of the traditional bus priority control is to reduce the delay of vehicles. However, because the capacity of public transport vehicles is much higher than that of other social vehicles, it is necessary to have the largest number of sponsors in the formulation of bus priority control program. It also ensures that traffic at intersections is clear. Therefore, this paper studies bus priority control method from two aspects: vehicle delay and passenger delay. In this paper, the single phase single bus priority control and the multiple phase multi-vehicle bus priority control at a single intersection are discussed, and the corresponding control methods are proposed. In the case of single point, single phase single bus priority application, a control model aiming at the total delay of the person passing through the intersection is established according to the two strategies of extending the green light and opening the green light in advance, and the constraint conditions of the model are given. The control parameters are obtained by solving the model. In the case of multi-phase bus priority control, the priority level of bus is determined according to the principle of the nearest green light, and the method of judging bus priority conflict is given to determine whether the bus priority application can coexist or not. Then the decision tree method is used to find out the best priority application order with the minimum per capita delay of public transport vehicle as the decision goal, so as to determine the optimal control scheme and realize the bus priority. Then, aiming at the situation of passive priority coordination control of bus at multiple intersections, this paper analyzes the relationship between different forms of delay and phase difference when the motorcade arrives at the intersection, and then determines the cycle of implementing coordinated control, the green letter ratio. Based on the constraints of phase difference and other parameters, a coordinated control model with minimum delay per capita is established. By determining the period, green signal ratio and phase difference, the coordinated control scheme of bus priority signal is realized.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.54

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