高速铁路高架桥引雷特性及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2019-01-29 06:21

【摘要】：在国民经济建设的快速发展下,运输供需矛盾日益严重,高速铁路以其自身特有的优点得到了大力发展。本文首先分析了国内外高速铁路防雷现状,发现我国高速铁路中架设了大量的高架桥,高速铁路高架桥结构使得接触网对地高度增加,更易遭受雷击,阐述了高速铁路防雷研究的重要性。本文主要针对我国高速铁路高架桥处接触网的耐雷水平和引雷特性及其影响因素进行研究。本文结合高速铁路实际情况,基于ATP-EMTP电磁仿真软件,建立了高速铁路高架桥处接触网雷击仿真模型。分析了雷击不同线路、雷击点在不同支柱上、接地电阻和高架桥高度这几个因素对接触网耐雷水平的影响规律。研究结果表明：雷击接触网时,AF线绝缘子的耐雷水平最低,遭受雷击的概率最大；高速铁路高架桥处接触网的耐雷水平随接地电阻的增大而减小,随高架桥高度的增加而减小。为了分析高速铁路高架桥处接触网的引雷特性,基于雷电发展规律,建立了高速铁路高架桥处接触网系统的先导传播模型。研究雷电流幅值以及高架桥高度对接触网直击雷以及感应雷的引雷范围影响规律。研究结果表明：随雷电流幅值增大,直击雷和感应雷引雷范围均增加；随高架桥高度增高,直击雷引雷范围增加,感应雷引雷范围减小,由此拟合出直击雷引雷范围的计算公式L(I,h)=α(I)h+b(l),可作为高速铁路防雷设计的一个参考。最后研究了雷电流幅值以及高架桥高度对直击雷分布概率以及雷击闪络次数的影响规律。研究结果表明：随着高架桥高度增加,出现有效感应雷的临界雷电流幅值增大,感应雷出现概率降低,因直击雷引起的绝缘子闪络次数增大,感应雷引起的闪络次数减小,雷击总闪络次数增大,直击雷所占比重远远大于感应雷；直击雷对高速铁路接触网正常运行造成的威胁是不容忽视的,应该针对直击雷采取有效的防护措施。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy, the contradiction between supply and demand of transportation is becoming more and more serious. In this paper, the present situation of lightning protection of high-speed railway at home and abroad is analyzed, and it is found that a large number of viaducts have been erected in China's high-speed railway. The overhead bridge structure of high-speed railway increases the height of catenary to the ground and is more vulnerable to lightning strike. The importance of research on lightning protection of high speed railway is expounded. In this paper, the lightning resistance level and characteristics of catenary at the overhead bridge of high speed railway in China and its influencing factors are studied. In this paper, based on ATP-EMTP electromagnetic simulation software, the lightning strike simulation model of catenary at viaduct of high speed railway is established based on the actual situation of high speed railway. The effects of lightning strike on different lines, lightning strike points on different pillars, grounding resistance and viaduct height on the lightning resistance of catenary are analyzed. The results show that when the catenary is struck by lightning, the AF insulator has the lowest lightning resistance level and the highest probability of being struck by lightning. The lightning resistance level of catenary at high speed railway viaduct decreases with the increase of grounding resistance and decreases with the increase of viaduct height. In order to analyze the lightning characteristics of catenary in high speed railway viaduct, based on the law of lightning development, a pilot propagation model of catenary system at viaduct of high speed railway is established. The effects of lightning current amplitude and viaduct height on the lightning range of catenary direct strike and induction lightning are studied. The results show that with the increase of lightning current amplitude, the range of direct strike and induced lightning is increased. With the elevation of viaduct increasing, the range of lightning induced by direct strike increases, and the range of induced lightning decreases. Thus, the formula L (Ih) = 伪 (I) h b (l), is fitted to calculate the range of lightning induced by direct strike. It can be used as a reference for lightning protection design of high speed railway. Finally, the effects of lightning current amplitude and viaduct height on lightning distribution probability and lightning flashover times are studied. The results show that with the increase of viaduct height, the critical lightning current amplitude of effective induced lightning increases, the occurrence probability of induced lightning decreases, the flashover number of insulator caused by direct lightning increases, and the flashover caused by induced lightning decreases. The total flashover times of lightning are increased, and the proportion of direct lightning is much larger than that of inductive lightning. The threat posed by direct lightning to the normal operation of catenary in high speed railway should not be ignored, and effective protective measures should be taken against it.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U447;U225

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