低压船舶岸电电源控制策略的研究
发布时间：2019-02-14 08:30
【摘要】：对于港口城市而言,船舶的燃油辅助发电机是其主要的大气污染源。随着空气污染防治研究的不断深入,采用岸上电能替代靠港船舶辅机发电逐渐成为一个新的研究热点。船舶岸电电源技术以其在电能替代方面的独特优势而获得广泛关注。低压船舶岸电电源将岸上电网380V/50Hz的电能变压变频至440V/60Hz,以适应船舶电网的供电电制。本文以岸电变流器为控制对象,从船舶负载特性下的改进双环控制、改进功率前馈控制以及岸电的改进下垂控制等几方面进行了深入研究。首先,针对船舶负载的三相不平衡和非线性谐波情况下,低压岸电的传统比例-积分控制负载动态适应性能差的问题,提出了将谐振控制与预测控制相结合的改进双环控制策略。其中外环在原有比例-积分控制器的基础上加入2倍频和6倍频的谐振控制器,用于提高谐振频率处的增益,消除输出电压相应的负序和谐波分量;内环采用预测电流控制,增大了控制的带宽,实现岸电输出电流快速和准确跟踪外环给定电流。通过仿真验证了所提改进双环控制策略可以提高岸电电源在船舶负载特性下的输出电能质量。其次,针对功率前馈控制的传统功率计算方法存在的问题,即无法反映船舶不平衡负载所带来的负序分量对功率的影响,提出了改进的功率前馈控制策略。将不平衡负载情况下的输出电压和电流进行相序分解和坐标变换后再进行瞬时功率的计算,计算结果表明在输出电压和电流存在基波负序分量的情况下,输出功率相比平衡负载情况下增加了波动项。因此改进的功率前馈计算方法相比传统方法可实现更加准确的功率计算和前馈,将逆变侧船舶不平衡负载下的功率变化更加准确地前馈给整流侧,改善了岸电电源的动态特性,有效减小了中间直流环节电压的波动。最后,本文针对传统岸电电源不能接受船舶能量管理系统调度的问题,提出了改进的下垂控制策略。在传统下垂控制器中添加预同步控制单元,实现岸电同步并车;在下垂控制器中引入发电机惯性环节,使岸电电源具有类似发电机的输出特性,以便接受船舶能量管理系统的调度,且并车后顺利实现负载转移,以完成岸电电源的电能替代。通过仿真验证了所提控制策略的可行性。
[Abstract]:For the port city, the ship's fuel-assisted generator is the main air pollution source. With the development of air pollution prevention and control research, it has become a new research hotspot to replace the auxiliary power generation by shore electric energy. Ship-shore power supply technology has received wide attention due to its unique advantages in power substitution. In order to adapt to the power supply system of ship power grid, the low-voltage ship-shore power supply converts the power supply of 380V/50Hz onshore power grid to 440 V / 60 Hz. In this paper, the improved double loop control, the improved power feedforward control and the improved droop control of the shore power converter under the load characteristics of the ship are studied in detail. First of all, in the case of three-phase unbalance and nonlinear harmonics of ship load, the traditional proportional and integral control load of low-voltage shore electricity has poor dynamic adaptability. An improved double loop control strategy combining resonant control and predictive control is proposed. The outer loop is used to increase the gain of the resonant frequency and eliminate the negative sequence and harmonic components of the output voltage by adding 2 times frequency and 6 times frequency resonant controller on the basis of the original proportional integral controller. The predictive current control is used in the inner loop, which increases the bandwidth of the control and realizes the fast and accurate tracking of the given current in the outer loop. The simulation results show that the improved dual-loop control strategy can improve the output power quality of onshore power supply under ship load characteristics. Secondly, an improved power feedforward control strategy is proposed to solve the problem of traditional power calculation method in power feedforward control, which can not reflect the influence of the negative sequence components brought by the unbalanced load on the power. The output voltage and current under unbalanced load are analyzed by phase sequence decomposition and coordinate transformation. The calculation results show that the output voltage and current have negative sequence components of fundamental wave. The output power increases the fluctuation term compared with the load balancing condition. Therefore, the improved power feedforward calculation method can realize more accurate power calculation and feedforward than the traditional method, and feed the power change of the ship under the unbalanced load on the inverter side more accurately to the rectifier side, thus improving the dynamic characteristics of the onshore power supply. The voltage fluctuation of the intermediate DC link is reduced effectively. Finally, an improved droop control strategy is proposed to solve the problem that the traditional shore power supply can not accept the dispatch of ship energy management system. A presynchronous control unit is added to the traditional droop controller to realize the synchronization and parallel operation of the shore electricity. The inertial link of generator is introduced into the droop controller, which makes the onshore power supply have the output characteristic similar to the generator, so as to accept the dispatch of the ship energy management system, and realize the load transfer smoothly after the parallel operation, so as to replace the electric energy of the shore power supply. The feasibility of the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U653.95
本文编号：2422030
[Abstract]:For the port city, the ship's fuel-assisted generator is the main air pollution source. With the development of air pollution prevention and control research, it has become a new research hotspot to replace the auxiliary power generation by shore electric energy. Ship-shore power supply technology has received wide attention due to its unique advantages in power substitution. In order to adapt to the power supply system of ship power grid, the low-voltage ship-shore power supply converts the power supply of 380V/50Hz onshore power grid to 440 V / 60 Hz. In this paper, the improved double loop control, the improved power feedforward control and the improved droop control of the shore power converter under the load characteristics of the ship are studied in detail. First of all, in the case of three-phase unbalance and nonlinear harmonics of ship load, the traditional proportional and integral control load of low-voltage shore electricity has poor dynamic adaptability. An improved double loop control strategy combining resonant control and predictive control is proposed. The outer loop is used to increase the gain of the resonant frequency and eliminate the negative sequence and harmonic components of the output voltage by adding 2 times frequency and 6 times frequency resonant controller on the basis of the original proportional integral controller. The predictive current control is used in the inner loop, which increases the bandwidth of the control and realizes the fast and accurate tracking of the given current in the outer loop. The simulation results show that the improved dual-loop control strategy can improve the output power quality of onshore power supply under ship load characteristics. Secondly, an improved power feedforward control strategy is proposed to solve the problem of traditional power calculation method in power feedforward control, which can not reflect the influence of the negative sequence components brought by the unbalanced load on the power. The output voltage and current under unbalanced load are analyzed by phase sequence decomposition and coordinate transformation. The calculation results show that the output voltage and current have negative sequence components of fundamental wave. The output power increases the fluctuation term compared with the load balancing condition. Therefore, the improved power feedforward calculation method can realize more accurate power calculation and feedforward than the traditional method, and feed the power change of the ship under the unbalanced load on the inverter side more accurately to the rectifier side, thus improving the dynamic characteristics of the onshore power supply. The voltage fluctuation of the intermediate DC link is reduced effectively. Finally, an improved droop control strategy is proposed to solve the problem that the traditional shore power supply can not accept the dispatch of ship energy management system. A presynchronous control unit is added to the traditional droop controller to realize the synchronization and parallel operation of the shore electricity. The inertial link of generator is introduced into the droop controller, which makes the onshore power supply have the output characteristic similar to the generator, so as to accept the dispatch of the ship energy management system, and realize the load transfer smoothly after the parallel operation, so as to replace the electric energy of the shore power supply. The feasibility of the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U653.95
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