城市道路隧道环境效应综合评价研究

发布时间：2019-02-22 19:40

【摘要】：随着我国城市中交通系统的逐步完善,城市道路隧道在城市交通系统中占据着重要的地位。但城市道路隧道在合理疏导交通的同时也带了不少的环境问题,对区域局部的大气环境、声环境等产生一定的影响。因此,城市道路隧道所带来的环境影响逐渐受到了越来越多的学者的关注,对于城市道路隧道环境效应综合评价体系的研究具有重要的理论价值和实际意义。针对国内外关于城市道路隧道环境效应领域较为薄弱的研究现状,本文将传统的交通类环境影响评价中对大气、噪声、风险、社会效应等自然环境要素进行单方面评价的模式进行整合,借鉴国内外对城市道路隧道环境问题的研究成果,结合对多个已建城市道路隧道实地勘察的结果,较为系统的研究了城市道路隧道的运营期所产生的各种环境效应,并选择了层次分析法与模糊综合评价法作为本文的评价方法。遵循“压力—状态—响应(PSR)”的思想,论文构建了一套由大气环境效应、声环境效应、社会环境效应、环境风险效应四大子系统30个具体指标所构成的城市道路隧道环境效应综合评价指标体系。通过参考现行的相关规范标准及相关专家的意见,具体的给出了指标体系中各定量指标的量化标准,制定了定性指标的考核标准,并运用层次分析法确定了各层次指标的权重。本文以某一拟建城市道路隧道为例,应用文中建立的城市道路隧道环境效应综合评价指标体系对其进行评价,并运用模糊综合评价法对该城市道路隧道环境效应进行分析,分析得出：该城市道路隧道综合环境效应得分较低。通过分析初步方案中各指标的得分情况,并结合区域实地情况提出了三个具体的改进方案,通过计算和分析改进方案的优劣情况,确定方案一为最终的改进方案。通过采取本文提出的改进方案,使该城市道路隧道的总体环境效应有明显的提高,达到了可接受的范围。该研究成果可为构建环境负效应小、社会认可的“绿色生态型城市道路隧道”提供一些参考。
[Abstract]:With the gradual improvement of urban traffic system in China, urban road tunnels play an important role in urban traffic system. However, urban road tunnels have brought a lot of environmental problems at the same time, which have a certain impact on the local atmospheric environment and sound environment. Therefore, more and more scholars pay attention to the environmental impact of urban road tunnel, which has important theoretical value and practical significance for the study of comprehensive evaluation system of urban road tunnel environmental effect. In view of the weak research status in the field of environmental effects of urban road tunnels at home and abroad, this paper presents the traditional traffic environmental impact assessment of the atmosphere, noise, risk, The mode of unilateral evaluation of natural environmental factors such as social effect is integrated, and the results of field survey of many existing urban road tunnels are combined with the results of domestic and foreign research on the environmental problems of urban road tunnels. The environmental effects of urban road tunnel are studied systematically, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are selected as the evaluation methods in this paper. Following the idea of "pressure-state-response (PSR)", a set of atmospheric environmental effects, acoustic environmental effects and social environmental effects are constructed. The comprehensive evaluation index system of environmental effect of urban road tunnel is composed of 30 indexes of four subsystems of environmental risk effect. By referring to the current standards and the opinions of experts, the quantitative standard of each quantitative index in the index system is given, the assessment standard of the qualitative index is established, and the weight of each level index is determined by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Taking a proposed urban road tunnel as an example, this paper applies the comprehensive evaluation index system of environmental effect of urban road tunnel established in the paper to evaluate it, and uses the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to analyze the environmental effect of the urban road tunnel. The analysis shows that the comprehensive environmental effect of road tunnel in this city is low. By analyzing the scores of each index in the preliminary scheme and combining with the regional situation, three concrete improvement schemes are put forward. By calculating and analyzing the merits and demerits of the improved scheme, the first scheme is determined as the final improvement scheme. By adopting the improved scheme proposed in this paper, the overall environmental effect of the road tunnel in this city is obviously improved and the range is acceptable. The research results can provide some references for the construction of "green ecological urban road tunnel", which has little negative environmental effect and is recognized by society.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U452;U491

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