水平层状岩隧道爆破施工成形控制技术

发布时间：2019-03-15 10:09

【摘要】：具有层状构造的沉积岩在自然界中分布广泛,约占陆地面积的66.7%,而在我国其比重更是达到了77.3%,贵广铁路、朔黄铁路、包西铁路等工程建设中层状岩隧道爆破成形问题一直是一个难点。但目前对于水平层状岩隧道爆破成形影响因素研究不够深入,对爆破成形机理的认识还存在缺陷,在爆破参数设计过程中更是未结合层状岩的工程特性。正因为以上原因,水平岩层隧道钻爆法施工,容易出现隧道爆破轮廓线不规则、拱顶掉块、欠爆等一系列现象,这直接影响隧道光面爆破成形质量,导致工程投资增加。因此,开展水平层状岩隧道爆破施工成形技术研究有重要意义,本文结合合贵广铁路同马山隧道,开展了以下研究:(1)基于3DEC离散元软件比较静、动载条件下水平层状岩隧道成形差异,分析了不同因素对隧道成形的影响,得出结构面间距、结构面结合程度影响拱顶成形,岩体坚硬程度影响隧道整体成形。(2)采用LS-DYNA软件通过ALE算法实现岩石与空气流固耦合,分析了应力波在结构面处的传播规律及岩石裂纹生成情况,探明了不同结构面间距、结构面结合程度、岩石坚硬程度隧道爆破成形机理,为层状岩光面爆破参数设计奠定基。(3)研究分析了水平层状岩隧道不同部位爆破成形差异,对裂隙区范围进行了修正,提出了水平层状岩隧道光面爆破参数设计方法,并给出了相关辅助工程措施。
[Abstract]:Sedimentary rocks with layered structures are widely distributed in nature, accounting for about 66.7% of the land area, and the proportion of sedimentary rocks in China is 77.3%, Guiguang Railway and Shuohuang Railway. In the construction of Baoxi Railway and other projects, the blasting forming of layered rock tunnel has been a difficult problem. But at present, the research on the influence factors of horizontal layered rock tunnel blasting forming is not deep enough, and there are still some defects in the understanding of blasting forming mechanism, especially in the process of blasting parameter design, the engineering characteristics of layered rock have not been combined in the process of blasting parameter design. Because of the above reasons, it is easy to appear a series of phenomena such as irregular tunnel blasting profile, falling arch block, underblasting and so on, which directly affects the quality of smooth blasting forming of tunnel, and leads to the increase of project investment. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the blasting forming technology of horizontal layered rock tunnel. In this paper, combined with Tongma Shan Tunnel of Hefei-Guangzhou Railway, the following research has been carried out: (1) the discrete element software based on 3DEC is relatively static, The formation difference of horizontal layered rock tunnel under dynamic load is analyzed, and the influence of different factors on tunnel forming is analyzed. It is concluded that the spacing of structural plane and the degree of combination of structural plane affect the forming of arch roof. The hardness of rock mass affects the overall formation of tunnel. (2) the fluid-solid coupling of rock and air is realized by using LS-DYNA software through ALE algorithm, and the propagation law of stress wave at the structural surface and the formation of rock cracks are analyzed. The blasting forming mechanism of tunnel with different spacing of structural plane, combining degree of structural plane and hard degree of rock is proved, which lays the foundation for the design of smooth blasting parameters of layered rock. (3) the difference of blasting forming in different parts of horizontal layered rock tunnel is studied and analyzed. A design method for smooth blasting parameters of horizontal layered rock tunnel is put forward, and the related auxiliary engineering measures are given.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U455.6

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