基于敏感度分析的干线公交优先策略研究

发布时间：2019-03-24 18:22

【摘要】：近年来,伴随着我国经济的发展和城市化的推进,城市的机动车保有量也在持续增加,与机动车的快速增长形成对比的是城市道路基础建设及管理水平发展的相对滞后,这些问题共同导致了城市的严重拥堵,直接影响了人们的出行,造成出行延误的增加和出行速度的降低。此外,道路交通仍面临着交通安全和环境污染等问题。由于道路设施建设的周期长、速度慢,所以,解决上述交通问题主要依靠提升城市的交通管理水平和加快发展公共交通。交叉口作为交通分析中的重要节点,各个交叉口的信号配时智能化控制是提高交叉口与干线的通行效率的重要方法。首先,通过调整信号配时,可以保障公交优先通行,从而降低公交车辆的延误,公交服务水平得到提升；此外,各个交叉口信号配时的协调控制可实现干线交通流连续运行,提高干线交通的通行能力,从而缓解交通拥堵。干线协调下的公交优先可以实现公交车辆利益最大化,但是,研究人员已经发现,公交优先也会给整个干线带来交通问题,而前人对这一影响的研究尚有一些不足之处,鉴于此,本文展开了学术研究。本文阐述了交通干线协调下的公交优先方法,研究了公交优先的两种策略-绿灯早启与绿灯延长,以绿灯时间为关键因素进行敏感度分析,在此基础上获得干线协调的路段的最优绿灯变化时长。此外,当路段流量与公交车辆比例产生变化时,分析公交优先策略引发的车均延误、人均延误、停车次数与排队长度的变化,根据交通综合效益指标获得各种情形下的最优绿灯变化时长。与此同时,完善触发公交优先策略的前提条件,包含路段流量与公交车辆比例两个方面。然后,根据敏感度分析的结果,以交通特性评价指标提升为目标,对公交优先策略流程进行了改进与完善,平衡了公交与社会车辆的利益,提升干线的通行效率。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of China's economy and the advancement of urbanization, the number of motor vehicles in cities continues to increase. In contrast with the rapid growth of motor vehicles, the development of urban road infrastructure and the level of management lags behind. These problems lead to serious congestion in the city, directly affect people's travel, lead to the increase of travel delay and the decrease of travel speed. In addition, road traffic is still facing problems such as traffic safety and environmental pollution. Because of the long cycle and slow speed of road facilities construction, solving the above traffic problems mainly depends on improving the level of urban traffic management and speeding up the development of public transport. Intersection as an important node in traffic analysis, signal timing intelligent control of each intersection is an important method to improve the traffic efficiency of intersections and trunk lines. First of all, by adjusting the signal timing, the priority of public transport can be guaranteed, thus reducing the delay of public transport vehicles, and improving the level of public transport services. In addition, the coordinated control of signal timing at each intersection can realize the continuous operation of the trunk traffic flow, improve the traffic capacity of the trunk line, and alleviate the traffic congestion. Bus priority under the coordination of trunk lines can maximize the benefits of public transport vehicles, but researchers have found that bus priority will also bring traffic problems to the whole trunk line, and there are still some shortcomings in previous studies on this impact. In view of this, this article has carried on the academic research. This paper expounds the method of bus priority under the coordination of main traffic lines, studies two strategies of bus priority-green early start and green light prolongation, and makes sensitivity analysis with green light time as the key factor. On this basis, the optimal green light length of the trunk coordinated section is obtained. In addition, when the ratio of road flow to bus is changed, the changes of bus delay, per capita delay, the number of parking and queue length caused by bus priority strategy are analyzed. According to the traffic comprehensive benefit index, the optimal green light changing time is obtained under various circumstances. At the same time, perfect the prerequisite of triggering bus priority strategy, including road flow and bus vehicle ratio two aspects. Then, according to the results of sensitivity analysis, aiming at improving the evaluation index of traffic characteristics, the priority strategy flow of public transport is improved and perfected, which balances the interests of public transport and social vehicles, and improves the traffic efficiency of the trunk line.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491.54

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