一种基于栅格地图的要素加权地图匹配算法
发布时间：2019-03-27 13:20
【摘要】：车辆导航系统是智能交通系统(ITS,Intelligent Transport System)的核心内容。作为ITS最重要的应用系统,车辆导航系统所依赖的全球定位系统(GPS,Global Positioning System)的定位数据却存在着不可忽视的测量误差,由此造成车辆的实际位置与GPS显示的位置不一致,这样会大大降低ITS的应用效益。地图匹配(MM,Map-Matching)是解决这一问题的最经济有效的方法。地图匹配是一种基于软件的定位修正方法,它是将车辆的定位信息和电子地图中的路网信息结合到一起考虑,通过一定的算法,最终实现车辆行驶位置的最优估计。本文论述了现有的关于地图匹配算法的国内外现状,综述了地图匹配算法的优缺点,分析了影响地图匹配精度的各种因素,探讨了地图匹配在特殊路段的重点难点,挖掘了地图匹配算法的可用要素,并在此基础上提出了一种基于栅格地图的要素加权地图匹配算法。算法在栅格地图的基础上利用网格法确定误差区域的方法来减少匹配路段的搜索范围,用以提高地图匹配的实时性与准确性,通过考虑车辆行驶的方向、定位点与待匹配路段的距离这两个方面的要素,将综合匹配度最高的路段识别为车辆行驶的正确路段,并在此路段上估计车辆行驶的位置。最后,本文依托南京市局部路网以及实测的GPS浮动车数据,在Matlab环境下对算法进行了测试,并且获得了整个程序运行的时间以及匹配的准确性。测试的结果表明,本文所提出的具有很好的匹配精度和实时性。
[Abstract]:Vehicle navigation system is the core of intelligent transportation system (ITS,Intelligent Transport System). As the most important application system of ITS, the global positioning system (GPS,Global Positioning System) which the vehicle navigation system relies on has the measurement error which cannot be ignored, which causes the vehicle's actual position to be inconsistent with the position displayed by the GPS. This will greatly reduce the application of ITS benefits. Map matching (MM,Map-Matching) is the most economical and effective method to solve this problem. Map matching is a software-based location correction method, which combines the vehicle location information with the road network information in the electronic map, and finally realizes the optimal estimation of the vehicle driving position through a certain algorithm. This paper discusses the current situation of map matching algorithms at home and abroad, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of map matching algorithms, analyzes various factors affecting map matching accuracy, and discusses the key points and difficulties of map matching in special sections. In this paper, the available elements of map matching algorithm are excavated, and a feature weighted map matching algorithm based on grid map is proposed. Based on the grid map, the algorithm uses the grid method to determine the error area to reduce the search range of the matching section, in order to improve the real-time and accuracy of the map matching. The location point and the distance of the road to be matched are two factors, and the section with the highest degree of matching is identified as the correct section of the vehicle, and the location of the vehicle is estimated on this section. Finally, on the basis of Nanjing local road network and the measured data of GPS floating car, the algorithm is tested in Matlab environment, and the running time of the whole program and the accuracy of matching are obtained. The test results show that the proposed method has good matching accuracy and real-time performance.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U495;TP391.41
本文编号：2448216
[Abstract]:Vehicle navigation system is the core of intelligent transportation system (ITS,Intelligent Transport System). As the most important application system of ITS, the global positioning system (GPS,Global Positioning System) which the vehicle navigation system relies on has the measurement error which cannot be ignored, which causes the vehicle's actual position to be inconsistent with the position displayed by the GPS. This will greatly reduce the application of ITS benefits. Map matching (MM,Map-Matching) is the most economical and effective method to solve this problem. Map matching is a software-based location correction method, which combines the vehicle location information with the road network information in the electronic map, and finally realizes the optimal estimation of the vehicle driving position through a certain algorithm. This paper discusses the current situation of map matching algorithms at home and abroad, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of map matching algorithms, analyzes various factors affecting map matching accuracy, and discusses the key points and difficulties of map matching in special sections. In this paper, the available elements of map matching algorithm are excavated, and a feature weighted map matching algorithm based on grid map is proposed. Based on the grid map, the algorithm uses the grid method to determine the error area to reduce the search range of the matching section, in order to improve the real-time and accuracy of the map matching. The location point and the distance of the road to be matched are two factors, and the section with the highest degree of matching is identified as the correct section of the vehicle, and the location of the vehicle is estimated on this section. Finally, on the basis of Nanjing local road network and the measured data of GPS floating car, the algorithm is tested in Matlab environment, and the running time of the whole program and the accuracy of matching are obtained. The test results show that the proposed method has good matching accuracy and real-time performance.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U495;TP391.41
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