基于多波束测深声纳的船舶吃水自动检测技术研究及实现
发布时间：2019-03-30 21:52
【摘要】：随着长江航运量的逐年增长,船舶超吃水违规行为也逐年增多,部分违法分子为了追求个人的利益,不按照规定进行货物装载,使船舶吃水严重超过航运标准,容易造成船舶搁浅和航道的破坏,扰乱航道秩序,甚至影响经济的发展,治理船舶超吃水现象的关键在于对船舶吃水进行有效地检测。本文针对长江流域船舶吃水检测需求进行了分析,提出了基于多波束测深声纳的船舶吃水检测方法,研究了基于多波束测深声纳的船舶吃水检测技术,并对其进行了初步的实现以及实地实验,相关技术可以对船舶进行实时吃水检测,不影响船舶正常通航且检测精度符合要求,对保障长江航道通航安全具有重要意义。主要研究工作如下:(1)通过分析长江流域环境状况,包括船舶与航道特征,提出了船舶吃水自动检测平台的总体需求;通过分析多波束测深声纳的检测方法与原理,设计基于多波束测深声纳的船舶吃水实时检测平台以及系统框架。(2)研究多波束测深声纳设备数据传输方式、报文格式以及传输协议,设计数据传输和数据解析方案,从而获取多波束测深声纳实时数据。(3)对多波束测深数据预处理方法进行研究,包括了多波束测深数据的修正和补偿以及异常数据的过滤处理。研究了环境因素(姿态和声速)对多波束测深数据的修正与补偿;分析了多波束测深异常数据的特征,将异常数据分为离散异常数据和连续异常数据,利用单帧和多帧的处理方法对离散异常数据进行处理,从统计单帧最大吃水的角度对连续异常数据进行处理,通过实测数据和仿真数据进行实验分析。(4)研究长江流域船舶吃水的动态识别方法和流程,包括吃水检测起始和结束识别、单船吃水识别和并行船舶吃水识别。提出了多条并行船舶数据分割方法,通过实地实验验证该船舶吃水识别算法的检测精度和误差范围。(5)对基于多波束测深声纳的船舶吃水检测应用示范软件进行了初步地实现,包括了数据通信、数据解析、数据回访以及船舶吃水数据显示及检测等功能。经初步实验表明该系统的技术是可行的,为后续相关技术研究以及工程实施打下了坚实的基础。
[Abstract]:With the increase of the traffic volume of the Yangtze River year by year, the illegal behavior of ships overdraft has also increased year by year. In order to pursue the personal interests, some illegal elements do not carry out cargo loading in accordance with the regulations, which makes the draught of ships seriously exceed the shipping standards. It is easy to cause ship grounding and damage of waterway, disturb the order of waterway, and even affect the development of economy. The key to control the phenomenon of ship overdraft lies in the effective detection of ship draught. In this paper, the requirement of ship draft detection in Yangtze River Basin is analyzed, a ship draft detection method based on multi-beam sounding sonar is proposed, and the ship draft detection technology based on multi-beam sounding sonar is studied. The preliminary realization and field experiment are carried out. The relevant technology can be used for real-time draught detection of ships, which does not affect the normal navigation of ships and meets the requirements of detection accuracy. It is of great significance to ensure the navigation safety of the Yangtze River waterway. The main research work is as follows: (1) through the analysis of the environmental conditions of the Yangtze River basin, including the characteristics of ships and waterways, the overall requirements of the automatic detection platform for ship drains are put forward; By analyzing the detection method and principle of multi-beam sounding sonar, a ship draft real-time detection platform and system framework based on multi-beam sounding sonar is designed. (2) the data transmission mode of multi-beam bathymetric sonar equipment is studied. The packet format and transmission protocol are used to design the data transmission and data analysis scheme to obtain the real-time data of multi-beam sounding sonar. (3) the preprocessing method of multi-beam sounding data is studied. It includes the correction and compensation of multi-beam bathymetric data and the filtering of abnormal data. The correction and compensation of environmental factors (attitude and sound velocity) to multi-beam bathymetric data are studied. The characteristics of multi-beam bathymetric anomaly data are analyzed. The anomaly data is divided into discrete abnormal data and continuous abnormal data, and the discrete abnormal data is processed by single frame and multi-frame processing method. The continuous anomaly data is processed from the point of view of statistical single frame maximum draught, and the experimental analysis is carried out through the measured data and simulation data. (4) the dynamic identification method and process of ship draft in the Yangtze River Basin are studied. Including start and end identification of draft detection, single ship draft recognition and parallel ship draft recognition. In this paper, a method of multi-parallel ship data segmentation is proposed. The detection accuracy and error range of the ship draft identification algorithm are verified by field experiments. (5) the application demonstration software of ship draft detection based on multi-beam bathymetric sonar is preliminarily realized, including data communication and data analysis. Data back visit and ship draught data display and detection functions. The preliminary experiments show that the technology of the system is feasible, which lays a solid foundation for the follow-up related technical research and engineering implementation.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U693.4
本文编号：2450520
[Abstract]:With the increase of the traffic volume of the Yangtze River year by year, the illegal behavior of ships overdraft has also increased year by year. In order to pursue the personal interests, some illegal elements do not carry out cargo loading in accordance with the regulations, which makes the draught of ships seriously exceed the shipping standards. It is easy to cause ship grounding and damage of waterway, disturb the order of waterway, and even affect the development of economy. The key to control the phenomenon of ship overdraft lies in the effective detection of ship draught. In this paper, the requirement of ship draft detection in Yangtze River Basin is analyzed, a ship draft detection method based on multi-beam sounding sonar is proposed, and the ship draft detection technology based on multi-beam sounding sonar is studied. The preliminary realization and field experiment are carried out. The relevant technology can be used for real-time draught detection of ships, which does not affect the normal navigation of ships and meets the requirements of detection accuracy. It is of great significance to ensure the navigation safety of the Yangtze River waterway. The main research work is as follows: (1) through the analysis of the environmental conditions of the Yangtze River basin, including the characteristics of ships and waterways, the overall requirements of the automatic detection platform for ship drains are put forward; By analyzing the detection method and principle of multi-beam sounding sonar, a ship draft real-time detection platform and system framework based on multi-beam sounding sonar is designed. (2) the data transmission mode of multi-beam bathymetric sonar equipment is studied. The packet format and transmission protocol are used to design the data transmission and data analysis scheme to obtain the real-time data of multi-beam sounding sonar. (3) the preprocessing method of multi-beam sounding data is studied. It includes the correction and compensation of multi-beam bathymetric data and the filtering of abnormal data. The correction and compensation of environmental factors (attitude and sound velocity) to multi-beam bathymetric data are studied. The characteristics of multi-beam bathymetric anomaly data are analyzed. The anomaly data is divided into discrete abnormal data and continuous abnormal data, and the discrete abnormal data is processed by single frame and multi-frame processing method. The continuous anomaly data is processed from the point of view of statistical single frame maximum draught, and the experimental analysis is carried out through the measured data and simulation data. (4) the dynamic identification method and process of ship draft in the Yangtze River Basin are studied. Including start and end identification of draft detection, single ship draft recognition and parallel ship draft recognition. In this paper, a method of multi-parallel ship data segmentation is proposed. The detection accuracy and error range of the ship draft identification algorithm are verified by field experiments. (5) the application demonstration software of ship draft detection based on multi-beam bathymetric sonar is preliminarily realized, including data communication and data analysis. Data back visit and ship draught data display and detection functions. The preliminary experiments show that the technology of the system is feasible, which lays a solid foundation for the follow-up related technical research and engineering implementation.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U693.4
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