城市信号交叉口调头选位方法研究

发布时间：2019-04-07 17:11

【摘要】：调头组织作为保障城市路网交通运行顺畅有序的重要手段得到了广泛应用,其一般包含路段调头和交叉口集中调头两种形式。而随着城市路网调头需求的不断增加,交叉口集中调头由于其在交通流运行组织安全性方面的突出优势,已成为当前城市路网中的主要应用模式。由于我国目前的设计规范中还缺少交叉口调头选位方面的规定,使得设计人员都是根据经验确定,这就导致进口道内左转车流和调头车流之间的相互影响加剧,使得调头组织的效益不能充分发挥,降低了交叉口的运行效率。为此,本文针对信号交叉口的调头需求,以通行效率最优为目标研究了交叉口的调头选位计算方法。文章的主要研究内容包含以下几个部分:首先,研究了信号交叉口调头需求及组织方法。分析了交叉口调头需求的形成及车流运行特征,并总结了当前常用的几种交叉口调头组织形式和调头信号控制方法,在对比分析的基础上确定了本文的研究对象。其次,研究了单左转车道交叉口调头选位。通过建立左转与调头共用车道的损失时间模型,揭示了不同交通条件下左转与调头共用车道上左转车流与调头车流之间的相互影响机理,并在此基础上结合交叉口车辆到达率及不同流向车辆的概率分布函数,构建了单左转信号交叉口左转与调头共用车道的通行能力计算模型,并以通行能力最优为目标确定了单左转车道交叉口调头选位方法。然后,研究了双左转车道交叉口调头选位。根据交通流的启动波模型,分别建立了双左转车道交叉口左转专用车道和左转与调头共用车道的预期通行时间计算模型,并结合Wardrop原理中的用户平衡思想,建立了调头车流影响下的双左转车道交叉口左转车辆选道模型,在此基础上构建了信号交叉口的双左转车道综合通行能力计算模型,并以综合通行能力最优为目标确定了双左转车道交叉口调头选位方法。最后,进行了实例分析及仿真验证。分别选取了淄博市中心城区设置调头开口的典型单左转车道交叉口和双左转车道交叉口进行交通调查,并利用本文研究得出的计算方法,求解相应交叉口的调头开口最佳位置,结果表明:对于所选单左转车道交叉口,该方法能够使左转与调头共用车道通行能力由432pcu/h提升到509pcu/h,提高了17.82%;对于所选双左转车道交叉口,该方法能够使双左转车道的综合通行能力由643pcu/h提升到691pcu/h,提高了6.95%。然后,运用VISSIM仿真软件分别建立了两个交叉口的仿真模型对文中所述计算方法进行仿真验证,最终仿真运行结果同模型计算结果基本一致。
[Abstract]:As an important means to ensure the smooth and orderly traffic operation of urban road network, turn-around organization has been widely used, which generally includes two forms: road section turn-off and intersection centralized turn-off. With the increasing demand for urban road network turn-around, intersection centralized turn-around has become the main application mode of urban road network because of its outstanding advantages in traffic flow operation organization safety. Due to the lack of the provisions in the current design code of our country, the designers are determined on the basis of experience, which leads to the aggravation of the interaction between the left-turn traffic flow and the turn-around traffic flow in the entrance road, which leads to the increase of the interaction between the left-turn traffic flow and the turn-around traffic flow. The efficiency of the turn-around organization can not be brought into full play and the operation efficiency of the intersection is reduced. Therefore, aiming at the turn-off demand of signalized intersections, this paper studies the calculation method of turn-off selection for intersection with the goal of optimal traffic efficiency. The main contents of this paper include the following parts: firstly, the switching requirements and organization methods of signalized intersections are studied. This paper analyzes the formation of turn-off demand at intersection and the operation characteristics of traffic flow, summarizes several common organization forms and signal control methods of turn-off at present, and determines the research object of this paper on the basis of comparative analysis. Secondly, the turn-around selection of single left-turn lane intersection is studied. By establishing the loss time model of left-turn and turn-turn shared lane, the interaction mechanism between left-turn and turn-over traffic flow on the shared lane of left turn and turn-turn shared lane under different traffic conditions is revealed. On this basis, combined with the vehicle arrival rate at intersection and the probability distribution function of different flow direction, the capacity calculation model of left-turn and turn-around common lane at single left-turn signalized intersection is established. Based on the optimal traffic capacity, a single left turn lane intersection selection method is proposed. Then, the double left-turn lane intersection turn-around position selection is studied. According to the start-up wave model of traffic flow, the calculation models of the expected traffic time for the left-turn special lane and the left-turn and turn-turn common lane at the double-left lane intersection are established respectively, and combined with the user balance thought in the Wardrop principle. Based on the model of left-turn vehicle selection under the influence of turning-around traffic flow, the comprehensive capacity calculation model of double-left-turn lane at signalized intersection is constructed. In order to optimize the integrated traffic capacity, the double left turn lane intersection is selected to select the turn-around position. Finally, an example analysis and simulation verification are carried out. The typical single left-turn lane intersection and double left-turn lane intersection with turn-around opening in the city center of Zibo are selected for traffic investigation, and the calculation method obtained in this paper is used to solve the optimal position of turn-around opening at the corresponding intersection. The results show that for the selected left-turn lane intersection, the traffic capacity of the left-turn and turn-around shared lane can be increased from 432pcu/h to 509pcuh, which can be increased by 17.82%. For the selected left-turn lane intersection, the combined traffic capacity of the double-left lane can be increased from 643pcu/h to 691pcuh, with an increase of 6.95%. Then, the VISSIM simulation software is used to establish the simulation models of the two intersections, and the simulation results are basically consistent with the results of the model calculation.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.23

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