信号交叉口不对称交通流的优化控制方法研究

发布时间：2019-04-12 13:34

【摘要】：近年来,城市路网交通问题频发,对交叉口进行交通管理与控制的研究日益得到重视。当交叉口信号控制方案与交通流的运行特性不相协调时,将致使各进口道交通负荷不均,交叉口时空资源利用效率低下,进而影响交叉口的整体通行效益。本文从信号交叉口对向进口车道交通流到达的不对称性角度出发,结合交叉口的空间设计,提出一种实时优化的自适应信号控制方法。首先,选取几个典型的城市道路信号交叉口,对其时空资源布置方法进行交通调查,分析交叉口信号控制方案的适应性并做出问题诊断。以实地调查所获取的数据为基础,借助VISSIM仿真,以车均延误作为评价指标,分析交通流不对称程度的改变对交叉口信号控制方案成效的影响,界定出对称放行方案中不对称交通流的优化阈值。接着,对信号交叉口不对称交通流的运行特性进行深入分析,并对考虑不对称交通流的现有交通组织方案进行详细总结,指出在此方面仍未解决的问题。然后,考虑信号交叉口的不对称交通流运行特性,为使交叉口的空间资源得到最大化利用,本文将各进口道的左转待行区与直行待行区同时设置使用,在此空间设计的基础上,构建基于规则与优化模型的自适应信号控制方法。最后,从交叉口的时空资源利用与运行效率两个角度出发,选取时空资源利用率、交叉口饱和度、车均延误、平均排队长度以及停车率作为评价指标,采用层次分析法构建了交叉口综合运行效益的评价体系。以哈尔滨市红旗大街-淮河路交叉口为例,借助VISSIM仿真,对比分析交叉口现状时空资源布置方法与本文提出的优化设计方案的优劣,发现优化后交叉口综合运行效益提高,各项指标也均有不同程度的改善,从而验证了方法的正确性与有效性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, urban road network traffic problems occur frequently, the research on traffic management and control of intersections has been paid more and more attention. When the intersection signal control scheme does not coordinate with the traffic flow, the traffic load will be uneven and the efficiency of space-time resource utilization will be low, which will affect the overall traffic benefit of the intersection. In this paper, a real-time optimal adaptive signal control method is proposed based on the asymmetry of traffic flow arrival in signalized intersection and the spatial design of intersection. Firstly, several typical urban road signalized intersections are selected, and their spatio-temporal resource allocation methods are investigated, and the adaptability of the signal control scheme of the intersection is analyzed and the problem diagnosis is made. Based on the data obtained from field investigation, with the help of VISSIM simulation and taking vehicle delay as the evaluation index, the influence of the change of traffic flow asymmetry on the effect of intersection signal control scheme is analyzed. The optimal threshold of asymmetric traffic flow in symmetric release scheme is defined. Then, the operational characteristics of asymmetrical traffic flow at signalized intersection are analyzed in depth, and the existing traffic organization schemes considering asymmetrical traffic flow are summarized in detail, and the unresolved problems in this respect are pointed out. Then, considering the asymmetrical traffic flow operation characteristics of signalized intersection, in order to maximize the utilization of the spatial resources of the intersection, this paper sets the left-turn-pending area and the direct-pending area of each inlet road at the same time, and on the basis of this space design, An adaptive signal control method based on rule and optimization model is proposed. Finally, from the angle of space-time resource utilization and operation efficiency of intersection, we select the utilization ratio of space-time resource, intersection saturation, vehicle delay, average queue length and parking rate as the evaluation index. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to construct the evaluation system of the comprehensive operation benefit of intersections. Taking the intersection of Hongqi Street-Huaihe Road in Harbin as an example, with the help of VISSIM simulation, this paper compares and analyzes the methods of space-time resource arrangement at the intersection and the advantages and disadvantages of the optimization design scheme proposed in this paper, and finds that the comprehensive operation benefit of the optimized intersection is improved after optimization. All the indexes have been improved to some extent, thus validating the correctness and effectiveness of the method.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.54

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