高速公路事件影响区速度限制研究
发布时间：2019-04-23 12:32
【摘要】：随着高速公路通车里程的增加,发生在高速公路上的交通事件开始增多,对驾驶员的行车安全造成了影响,易引发二次事故,降低道路的使用效率。而在交通事件影响区附近,需进行限速设置,合理的影响区限速值能兼顾驾驶员安全及道路利用效率。本文针对我国高速公路系统特性,结合影响区各区段的交通组织形式,分析了各区段车辆行驶特性,研究了交通事件发生在高速公路基本路段和匝道——主线相连部分时考虑安全及效率的最优限速问题。通过对事件区路段速度离散性与事故率关系的分析,对事件区排队长度与事件区上游车辆平均速度的研究,选取道路上的冲突率和事件区车辆的最大排队长度分别作为事件区安全与效率的表征指标。元胞自动机作为一种简洁且高效的模型,在交通流建模中具有独特的优势,本文采用元胞自动机建模,选取冲突率和排队长度分别作为安全与效率的表征指标,以单车道NaSch模型为基础,建立了双车道元胞自动机模型更新规则及仿真方案,得到了冲突率和最大排队长度随不同限速值的变化规律。根据安全与效率对限速值变化的灵敏度不同,对冲突率及排队长度进行无量纲化处理,得到二者在不同交通量下的权重值,最后采用加权平均的方法得到效率安全均衡最优下的限速值。研究结果表明:在高速公路二级服务水平下,基本路段事件影响区建议限速值为70km/h,三级服务水平下,建议限速值为60km/h;在匝道—主线相连部分,高速公路二级服务水平下,事件影响区建议限速值为60km/h,三级服务水平下,事件影响区建议限速值为50km/h。
[Abstract]:With the increase of the mileage of expressway, the traffic events occurring on the highway begin to increase, which affects the driving safety of drivers, causes secondary accidents and lowers the efficiency of road use. In the vicinity of traffic accident affected area, speed limit should be set, and reasonable speed limit value can give consideration to driver safety and road utilization efficiency. According to the characteristics of expressway system in our country and the traffic organization form of each section of the affected area, this paper analyzes the driving characteristics of the vehicles in each section. In this paper, the optimal speed limit problem considering safety and efficiency is studied when traffic events occur on the basic section of highway and on-ramp-main line connection. Based on the analysis of the relationship between the speed dispersion and the accident rate in the incident area, the queue length in the incident area and the average vehicle speed in the upstream of the incident area are studied. The collision rate on the road and the maximum queue length of the vehicles in the incident area are selected as the indicators of the safety and efficiency of the event zone respectively. As a simple and efficient model, Cellular Automata has unique advantages in traffic flow modeling. In this paper, Cellular Automata is used to model, and the collision rate and queue length are selected as the indicators of safety and efficiency, respectively. Based on the single-lane NaSch model, the updating rules and simulation scheme of two-lane cellular automata model are established, and the variation rules of collision rate and maximum queue length with different speed limit values are obtained. According to the different sensitivity of safety and efficiency to the change of speed limit value, the collision rate and queue length are dimensionless, and the weight values of them under different traffic volume are obtained. Finally, the method of weighted average is used to obtain the optimal speed limit value of efficiency safety equilibrium. The results show that under the level of secondary service of expressway, the recommended speed limit value is 70 kmhm / h in the event-affected area of basic road section, and 60 kmhm / h under the level of three-level service; In the ramp-main link section, the recommended speed limit value of the incident impact area is 60 kmhm / h under the level of secondary service of the expressway, and the recommended speed limit value of the incident impact area is 50 kmhm / h under the level of three-level service.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491
本文编号：2463469
[Abstract]:With the increase of the mileage of expressway, the traffic events occurring on the highway begin to increase, which affects the driving safety of drivers, causes secondary accidents and lowers the efficiency of road use. In the vicinity of traffic accident affected area, speed limit should be set, and reasonable speed limit value can give consideration to driver safety and road utilization efficiency. According to the characteristics of expressway system in our country and the traffic organization form of each section of the affected area, this paper analyzes the driving characteristics of the vehicles in each section. In this paper, the optimal speed limit problem considering safety and efficiency is studied when traffic events occur on the basic section of highway and on-ramp-main line connection. Based on the analysis of the relationship between the speed dispersion and the accident rate in the incident area, the queue length in the incident area and the average vehicle speed in the upstream of the incident area are studied. The collision rate on the road and the maximum queue length of the vehicles in the incident area are selected as the indicators of the safety and efficiency of the event zone respectively. As a simple and efficient model, Cellular Automata has unique advantages in traffic flow modeling. In this paper, Cellular Automata is used to model, and the collision rate and queue length are selected as the indicators of safety and efficiency, respectively. Based on the single-lane NaSch model, the updating rules and simulation scheme of two-lane cellular automata model are established, and the variation rules of collision rate and maximum queue length with different speed limit values are obtained. According to the different sensitivity of safety and efficiency to the change of speed limit value, the collision rate and queue length are dimensionless, and the weight values of them under different traffic volume are obtained. Finally, the method of weighted average is used to obtain the optimal speed limit value of efficiency safety equilibrium. The results show that under the level of secondary service of expressway, the recommended speed limit value is 70 kmhm / h in the event-affected area of basic road section, and 60 kmhm / h under the level of three-level service; In the ramp-main link section, the recommended speed limit value of the incident impact area is 60 kmhm / h under the level of secondary service of the expressway, and the recommended speed limit value of the incident impact area is 50 kmhm / h under the level of three-level service.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491
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