快速路公交停靠站对出入口通行能力的影响分析

发布时间：2019-04-26 07:21

【摘要】：快速路作为城市道路网络的重要组成部分,在衔接交通干道、缓解交通拥堵等方面发挥了重要作用。在大力发展公共交通的今天,为了提高公交分担率,许多大型城市的快速路上都设置了公交线路。由于受城市用地的限制和乘客换乘的需求,部分公交站设置在了快速路出入口附近,影响了出入口车流的正常运行。本文以此为背景,主要针对以下几个方面展开公交站设置对快速路出入口通行能力影响的研究。论文首先分析了快速路公交站的形式及组织特点,并进一步讨论了快速路出入口车辆的交通特性和公交车辆运行特征。在此基础上,选取北京市多个公交站点进行调查分析,采集到不同公交站点的停靠线路数和不同公交线路的公交车辆平均发车间隔时间,得到了高峰小时公交车到达频率；选取北京市三环路进行相关数据采集,以视频录像的方式采集到交通总量、车辆构成、车辆路径等详细数据,并对主、辅路不同车型的速度分布进行拟合。其次,论文讨论了公交站台设置在快速路出入口的上下游时,公交车辆进站、停靠、出站三个阶段对出入口附近社会车辆造成的干扰,进而分析对出入口通行能力的影响,并对这四种情况的受干扰程度和范围进行比较分析,为公交站台的设置提供相关建议。最后,介绍并分析了快速路出入口匝道连接处的三种通行能力模型。在此基础上,建立了基于动力学理论并受公交站设置影响的出入口匝道连接处通行能力模型,并对模型参数α进行了说明。对公交站设置在快速路出入口匝道下游进行仿真分析,根据公交站位置和公交到达频率的不同设计仿真实验方案八类,共仿真15次,通过排队长度、通行时间、延误时间、通过车辆数评价指标分析公交站设置对出入口匝道通行能力的影响,并标定了模型参数α。
[Abstract]:As an important part of urban road network, expressway plays an important role in linking up traffic trunk roads and alleviating traffic congestion. In order to improve the sharing rate of public transport, bus lines have been set up on the express roads of many large cities in today's great efforts to develop public transport. Due to the restriction of urban land and the demand of passenger transfer, some bus stops are located near the entrance of express road, which affects the normal operation of traffic flow in and out of the entrance. Based on this background, this paper mainly focuses on the following aspects: the influence of bus station setting on the capacity of expressway entrance and exit. At first, the paper analyzes the form and organization characteristics of the expressway bus station, and further discusses the traffic characteristics and the running characteristics of the bus at the entrance and exit of the expressway. On this basis, we selected several bus stations in Beijing for investigation and analysis, collected the number of bus stops at different bus stations and the average departure interval time of bus vehicles with different bus lines, and obtained the bus arrival frequency in peak hours. The third Ring Road of Beijing is selected to collect the relevant data, and the detailed data such as traffic volume, vehicle composition, vehicle path and so on are collected by video recording, and the velocity distribution of different models of main and auxiliary roads is fitted. Secondly, the paper discusses the interference caused by the bus station set up in the upper and lower reaches of the expressway entrance to the social vehicles near the entrance, and then analyzes the influence on the access capacity of the entrance and exit, and the influence of the three stages of bus stop, stop and exit on the social vehicles in the vicinity of the entrance and exit is discussed in this paper. The interference degree and range of these four situations are compared and analyzed, and some suggestions are provided for the setting of bus station. Finally, three kinds of capacity models at the ramp junction of the expressway are introduced and analyzed. On this basis, the capacity model of on-ramp junction is established based on dynamic theory and influenced by the setting of bus station, and the parameter 伪 of the model is explained. According to the different bus station location and bus arrival frequency, eight simulation schemes are designed and simulated for 15 times. Through queue length, traffic time and delay time, the bus station is set up at the lower reaches of the ramp of the expressway, and according to the location of the bus station and the frequency of arrival of the bus, eight simulation schemes are designed and simulated for 15 times. Based on the evaluation index of vehicle number, the influence of bus station setting on the capacity of on-ramp is analyzed, and the model parameter 伪 is calibrated.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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