高速铁路隧道列车振动响应分析及减振降噪研究

发布时间：2019-04-28 10:48

【摘要】：随着我国高速铁路建设的全面展开,必然会涌现出越来越多的高速铁路隧道。高速铁路隧道有着更为严格的技术标准,为了保证高速列车能够长期、持续地安全、平稳运行,对隧道结构的动力稳定性提出了更高的要求,高速铁路隧道的动力响应研究已成为一个重要课题。本文以高速铁路隧道为研究对象,采用数值分析、模型试验等研究方法,系统研究了高速铁路隧道在列车振动荷载作用下的动力响应规律及其影响因素,并就高速列车所引发的振动和噪声问题进行了相关的减振降噪试验研究。主要研究内容与成果如下：(1)基于高速铁路隧道振动响应计算原理及弹塑性理论,采用Marc有限元软件建立高速铁路隧道计算模型进行动力分析,得到高速列车振动荷载作用下隧道动力响应基本规律。结果表明：隧道衬砌结构和隧道基底围岩的动力响应随着其离振源距离的增大而减小。列车振动荷载对衬砌边墙以下部位影响相对较大。通过分析对比单、双线不同行车条件下隧道的动力响应,得出：行车条件的改变不会影响隧道的动力响应,但在双线行车条件下,隧道结构的动力响应明显大于单线行车时相应数值的规律。单次行车不会造成隧道结构的强度破坏,衬砌结构的破坏主要受抗拉强度控制。(2)在研究高速铁路动力响应基本规律的基础上,系统地探讨了高速铁路隧道动力响应的影响因素及其影响程度。结果表明：随着行车速度的提高,隧道结构的动力响应增大,其中,加速度和速度随行车速度的变化尤为明显。围岩条件对衬砌结构动力响应的影响很显著。随着围岩等级的提高,衬砌结构的动力响应明显增大。衬砌混凝土强度等级对隧道动力响应的影响很小。随着衬砌、填充层厚度的增大,隧道动力响应减小。适当增大衬砌和填充层厚度可以起到一定的减振作用。(3)基于高速列车振动和噪声的产生机理,以高速铁路隧道为研究对象,采用模型试验的研究方法进行减振降噪试验研究。结果表明：振动和噪声随着行车速度的提高而增大。在钢轨腰部粘贴橡胶阻尼材料和在隧道内部铺设多孔吸声材料这两种减振降噪措施均具有一定的减振降噪效果,前者的减振降噪的综合效果要优于后者。同时,两者都满足技术及施工简单可行,经济合理的要求,具有较大的实际应用价值。该试验研究成果对高速铁路隧道的设计和施工具有重要的指导意义,并为高铁建设和减振降噪设计提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:With the development of China's high-speed railway construction, more and more high-speed railway tunnels will emerge. High-speed railway tunnels have more strict technical standards. In order to ensure the long-term, continuous safety and smooth operation of high-speed trains, higher requirements for the dynamic stability of tunnel structures are put forward. The research on dynamic response of high-speed railway tunnel has become an important subject. Taking the high-speed railway tunnel as the research object, this paper systematically studies the dynamic response law of the high-speed railway tunnel under the train vibration load and its influencing factors by means of numerical analysis, model test and other research methods. The vibration and noise caused by high-speed train are studied in this paper. The main research contents and achievements are as follows: (1) based on the principle of vibration response calculation and elastic-plastic theory of high-speed railway tunnel, the dynamic analysis of high-speed railway tunnel is carried out by using Marc finite element software. The basic law of tunnel dynamic response under the vibration load of high-speed train is obtained. The results show that the dynamic response of the tunnel lining structure and the surrounding rock of the tunnel basement decreases with the increase of the distance from the vibration source. The influence of train vibration load on the side wall of lining is relatively large. By analyzing the dynamic response of the tunnel under different driving conditions, it is concluded that the change of the driving condition will not affect the dynamic response of the tunnel, but under the two-lane driving condition, the dynamic response of the tunnel will not be affected by the change of the driving condition. The dynamic response of tunnel structure is obviously larger than that of single-lane driving. The failure of lining structure is mainly controlled by tensile strength. (2) on the basis of studying the basic law of dynamic response of high-speed railway, the failure of lining structure is mainly controlled by tensile strength. (2) the basic law of dynamic response of high-speed railway is studied. The influence factors and degree of dynamic response of high-speed railway tunnel are discussed systematically. The results show that with the increase of the driving speed, the dynamic response of the tunnel structure increases, especially with the acceleration and velocity changing with the driving speed. The influence of surrounding rock condition on dynamic response of lining structure is significant. With the improvement of surrounding rock grade, the dynamic response of lining structure increases obviously. The strength grade of concrete lining has little effect on the dynamic response of tunnel. With the increase of lining and filling layer thickness, the dynamic response of tunnel decreases. Properly increasing the thickness of lining and filling layer can play a certain role in reducing vibration. (3) based on the mechanism of vibration and noise of high-speed train, the tunnel of high-speed railway is taken as the research object. The research method of model test is used to reduce vibration and noise. The results show that the vibration and noise increase with the increase of driving speed. The rubber damping material pasted on the waist of the rail and the porous sound absorbing material in the tunnel have certain damping and noise reduction effects. The former is better than the latter in reducing vibration and noise. At the same time, both of them meet the requirements of simple, feasible, economical and reasonable technology and construction, and have great practical application value. The experimental results have important guiding significance for the design and construction of high-speed railway tunnel, and provide a theoretical basis for the construction of high-speed railway and the design of vibration and noise reduction.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U451.3;U270.16

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