基于驾驶人决策的停车场规划及路径诱导方法

发布时间：2019-05-07 14:53

【摘要】：随着居民生活水平的提高,汽车消费逐渐成为生活必需品,居民出行结构也发生了根本性变化。由于机动车保有量的快速增长,城市面临一系列的交通问题,其中“停车难”与“道路拥堵”显得尤为严重。而停车难导致路网中存在大量巡游交通,加重道路拥堵,形成恶性循环。因此缓解城市交通问题不仅要从加大停车供给着手,更要合理的诱导车辆在路网中行驶。当前对停车场规划的研究基本是以停车需求为基础提出建设方案,而出行路径诱导也只是单纯考虑路径的影响,而忽略了停车场对路径选择的影响。本文对驾驶人停车行为进行分析,考虑影响路径选择与停车场选择的因素,基于驾驶人决策建立停车场规划模型并提出动态出行路径诱导方法。首先,通过驾驶人停车行为分析,将出行过程分成两个独立的阶段,即停车场选择与出行路径选择,根据不同的方法,计算出路径与停车场的选择概率,建立基于概率选择的停车决策模型,并与随机用户均衡状态下的停车流量分配结果进行对比分析。其次,结合驾驶人对停车场的选择,在停车需求一定的情况下,确定当前规划区域中各功能小区的公共停车泊位缺失量,并考虑停车场吸引度的影响,结合广义最大覆盖模型,建立以最大满足公共停车泊位缺失量为目标的停车场选址模型,利用LINGO软件求解,得到符合管理者要求的停车场建设方案,为管理者决策提供依据。最后,在路网交通信息周期性更新条件下,结合停车决策模型,设计出行过程中动态停车场选择及路径诱导方法,将出行转化为变起点、变终点的选择过程,该方法旨在为驾驶人提供动态的最佳停车场与最优出行路径的决策方案。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of residents' living standards, automobile consumption has gradually become a necessity of life, and the travel structure of residents has also undergone fundamental changes. Due to the rapid growth of vehicle ownership, cities are faced with a series of traffic problems, of which "parking difficulty" and "road congestion" appear to be particularly serious. The difficulty of parking leads to a large number of patrolling traffic in the road network, aggravating the road congestion, forming a vicious circle. Therefore, to alleviate the urban traffic problems, we should not only increase the supply of parking, but also reasonably guide vehicles to travel in the road network. The current research on parking lot planning is based on parking demand to put forward the construction scheme, and the trip path guidance only considers the impact of the path, but neglects the influence of the parking lot on the path selection. In this paper, the driver's parking behavior is analyzed. Considering the factors that influence the route selection and parking lot selection, the parking lot planning model is established based on the driver's decision-making, and the dynamic travel path guidance method is proposed. Firstly, through the analysis of driver's parking behavior, the travel process is divided into two independent stages, that is, the choice of parking lot and the choice of trip path. According to different methods, the probability of choice of path and parking lot is calculated. A parking decision-making model based on probability selection is established and compared with the results of parking flow allocation under random user equilibrium. Secondly, considering the driver's choice of parking lot, under the condition of certain parking demand, the loss of public parking berth in each functional district in the current planning area is determined, and the influence of parking attraction is considered, and the generalized maximum coverage model is combined with the model of generalized maximum coverage. A parking location model with the goal of meeting the maximum number of public parking berths is established and solved by LINGO software to get the parking lot construction scheme which accords with the requirements of the manager, which provides the basis for managers' decision-making. Finally, under the condition of periodic updating of road network traffic information, combined with parking decision-making model, the method of dynamic parking lot selection and path guidance in trip process is designed, which transforms trip into a choice process of changing starting point and end point. The purpose of this method is to provide a dynamic optimal parking lot and optimal travel path decision-making scheme for drivers.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491.7

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