航速优化下的支线船舶调度问题研究

发布时间：2019-05-10 18:25

【摘要】：随着世界各地航运中心的崛起,集装箱船不断朝大型化方向发展,但大型集装箱船只能挂靠深水干线枢纽港,而支线运输作为枢纽港和喂给港的桥梁,起到了中转、集疏运干线船货物的作用,由此形成了轴-辐式海上运输模式。可见,集装箱支线运输是国际集装箱运输发展的必然结果。船舶调度是集装箱支线运输资源优化配置的一个重要方面,在其涉及的各项决策中,航速优化是关键环节,直接决定了航运公司的可变成本和船舶利用率。某些支线航道环境复杂、货源不稳定,航运企业在制定船舶调度时困难重重,因此开展航速优化下的船舶调度,合理设计集装箱船支线运输航线可以为航运企业节省成本,同时还能节能减排,保护环境。本文通过对航速优化、船舶调度和集装箱支线运输的研究成果进行系统的归纳和分析,发现目前针对集装箱支线船舶的多喂给港的船舶调度缺乏对航速优化的考虑,对既有集装箱疏运,又有集装箱集散的多船型、多航线的船舶调度的航速优化问题没有深入研究。本文主要针对一个支线运输系统里不同船型、不同航速、确定的集装箱装卸量和时间限制等约束条件,建立以航运总成本最低为目标的混合整数非线性规划模型；并设计了适合于求解此模型的解的编码和解码,改进了传统的遗传算法,对模型进行求解；以珠江三角洲某航运企业的支线运输为例验证模型的可行性；最后对船舶容量、船舶航速、限制时间、集装箱的装卸箱量进行灵敏度分析。结果表明,运用本文的模型可以帮助航运企业很好的设计航线,并配置合适的船型及航速,在船舶调度中要综合集装箱装卸箱量、限制时间、航速等各个因素共同决策,为航运企业提供辅助决策支持。
[Abstract]:With the rise of shipping centers all over the world, container ships continue to develop in a large-scale direction, but large container ships can only connect to the hub port of the deep-water trunk line, and regional transportation, as a bridge between hub port and feed port, has played a transit role. The function of collecting and distributing the cargo of trunk line ship forms the shaft-spoke sea transportation mode. It can be seen that container feeder transportation is the inevitable result of the development of international container transportation. Ship scheduling is an important aspect of optimal allocation of container branch transportation resources. in the decisions involved, speed optimization is the key link, which directly determines the variable cost and ship utilization ratio of shipping companies. The environment of some branch waterways is complex and the supply of goods is unstable, and shipping enterprises have many difficulties in making ship dispatching. Therefore, the reasonable design of container ship regional transportation routes can save costs for shipping enterprises by carrying out ship scheduling under speed optimization. At the same time, it can also save energy and reduce emissions and protect the environment. In this paper, through the systematic induction and analysis of the research results of speed optimization, ship scheduling and container branch transportation, it is found that there is a lack of consideration of speed optimization for the multi-feed port ship scheduling of container branch ships at present. There is no in-depth study on the speed optimization of multi-ship type and multi-route ship scheduling with both container dredging and container distribution. In this paper, a mixed integer nonlinear programming model is established, which aims at the lowest total cost of shipping, according to the constraints of different ship types, different speeds, container loading and unloading capacity and time limit in a regional transportation system. The coding and decoding suitable for solving the solution of the model are designed, the traditional genetic algorithm is improved to solve the model, and the feasibility of the model is verified by taking the regional transportation of a shipping enterprise in the Pearl River Delta as an example. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of ship capacity, ship speed, limit time and container loading and unloading capacity is carried out. The results show that the model in this paper can help shipping enterprises to design the route well, and configure the appropriate ship type and speed. In the ship scheduling, it is necessary to combine the container loading and unloading container quantity, limit time, speed and other factors to make a joint decision. Provide auxiliary decision support for shipping enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U692.3

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