全断面硬岩掘进机滚刀系统优化及实验研究

发布时间：2019-05-14 00:22

【摘要】：随着地下空间的开发利用,全断面隧道掘进机(TBM)已经逐渐走进中国市场,并占有一席之地。TBM是一种对隧道进行全断面施工的机电一体化的高端装备,近几年国内的交通环境和市政建设都发生了很大变化,使TBM得到了广泛的应用。我国地广物博,岩土种类繁多、地质复杂多变,这对掘进机的寿命、磨损程度、承载载荷等因素都提出了更高的要求。而在实际作业中,施工效率直接与经济效益紧密联系,是施工单位最为看重的一项指标。大量的研究分析与实践检验表明,滚刀刀盘是影响TBM掘进效率关键的因素,所以通常把优化滚刀布局作为提高效率的核心任务之一。在实际作业中,刀具系统若发生失效,将直接对作业时间产生较大影响,不仅降低了掘进效率,而且提高了作业成本。因此,刀具如何布置、贯入度如何选择等,是影响刀具系统性能及稳定性的关键因素。本文通过阅读国内外文献,并掌握国内外研究现状基础上,深入分析了盾构机的发展现状和实际应用,并结合实验研究,运用有限元软件对双滚刀切割岩石的过程进行仿真模拟。本论文主要研究工作如下:(1)主要针对掘进工程中岩石对盘形滚刀的磨损进行了仿真模拟分析,通过分析滚刀结构等因素找出最佳刀圈刀刃的角度,研究优化滚刀结构与较少滚刀磨损量之间的关系,从而找到优化滚刀设计结构方法及依据。(2)运用有限元ANSYS软件仿真模拟双滚刀滚切砂岩过程,观察岩石破碎情况并分析其受力。同时,通过改变滚刀刀间距、贯入度等施工条件,找出贯入度与刀间距最佳对应关系。此项研究结果对优化滚刀布局、提高破岩效率具有重要意义。(3)对新型双滚刀岩石综合试验台切割花岗岩过程进行模拟,分析试验台关键部件的应力、应变分布情况,并分析试验台在各阶模态下的振动情况。利用实际生产出来的样机,进行实际滚切实验验证,分析刀具受力、振动及支撑框架的振动情况及中阶振型对试验台的影响。通过分析结果,仔细研究滚刀的破岩机理、结构特点等,对滚刀的特性有了更加深入的了解,为研究掘进机奠定了坚实基础。
[Abstract]:With the development and utilization of underground space, full-section tunnel roadheader (TBM) has gradually entered the Chinese market and occupied a place. TBM is a kind of mechatronics high-end equipment for tunnel construction. In recent years, great changes have taken place in the domestic traffic environment and municipal construction, so that TBM has been widely used. There are many kinds of soil and soil in our country, and the geology is complex and changeable, which puts forward higher requirements for the life, wear degree, bearing load and other factors of the roadheader. In practical operation, construction efficiency is directly related to economic benefits, which is the most important index of construction units. A large number of research analysis and practical tests show that hob cutter head is the key factor affecting TBM driving efficiency, so optimizing hob layout is usually one of the core tasks to improve efficiency. In practical operation, if the tool system fails, it will directly have a great impact on the operation time, which not only reduces the excavation efficiency, but also improves the activity cost. Therefore, how to arrange the tool and how to select the penetration are the key factors that affect the performance and stability of the tool system. On the basis of reading the literature at home and abroad and mastering the research status at home and abroad, this paper deeply analyzes the development status and practical application of shield machine, and combines with the experimental research. The finite element software is used to simulate the cutting process of rock with double hob. The main research work of this paper is as follows: (1) the wear of disc hob on rock is simulated and analyzed, and the angle of the best blade is found out by analyzing the structure of hob. The relationship between optimizing hob structure and less hob wear is studied, and the method and basis of optimizing hob design structure are found. (2) the process of double hob cutting sandstone is simulated by finite element ANSYS software. Observe the rock breakage and analyze its force. At the same time, by changing the construction conditions such as hob spacing and penetration, the optimal corresponding relationship between penetration and knife spacing is found out. The results of this study are of great significance to optimize the layout of hob and improve the efficiency of rock breaking. (3) the cutting process of granite in a new type of double hob rock comprehensive test-bed is simulated, and the stress and strain distribution of the key parts of the test-bed are analyzed. The vibration of the test-bed in each mode is analyzed. Based on the actual prototype, the actual rolling and cutting experiments are carried out to verify the force of the tool, the vibration of the supporting frame and the influence of the middle vibration mode on the test-bed. Through the analysis results, the rock breaking mechanism and structural characteristics of hob are studied carefully, and the characteristics of hob are understood more deeply, which lays a solid foundation for the study of roadheader.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U455.3

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