支座失效对桥梁结构的影响及失效标准研究

发布时间：2019-05-15 03:12

【摘要】：支座作为桥梁工程中的重要构件,其性能关系到桥梁结构的安全。近些年,支座的广泛使用,出现了各种不同病害,比如橡胶老化现象和产品本身质量问题,除此之外还包括支座的设计、支座的选用与布置、支座的施工及安装、在运营过程中支座的检查以及维护等不合理导致的支座损伤。然而支座作为桥梁结构重要组成部件,其损伤程度属于隐蔽工程,很难对其进行检测判定损伤程度。因此,研究支座失效对桥梁结构的影响及失效标准。本文通过对支座病害的调研,总结出支座病害类型,继而对支座劣化过程进行分析以及各类病害进行机理分析。为后续研究支座损伤提供理论依据。论文选取了20m简支T梁,用有限元模型模拟支座未发生刚度折减和刚度折损为0.8、0.6、0.4状况下,对比分析了不同折减系数对桥梁结构的静力和动力效应。以橡胶支座的竖向反力值、铺装层的纵向剪应力、铺装层的横向剪应力、竖向位移、T梁的最大应力为指标,对其效应值进行对比分析;同时选取了20m简支空心板梁和3×40m连续T梁,用有限元模型模拟部分支座完全失效对相邻支座的影响,分析了不同桥梁结构类型下,在恒载和活载不同状况下,中支座失效和边支座失效对相邻支座的支反力影响。得出了部分支座完全失效不管对简支梁桥还是连续梁桥的支座反力影响都较大,支座反力值增大最大将近3倍,可能造成支座的压溃病害。而且部分支座完全失效会对连续梁桥在墩顶处的负弯矩值也有较大的影响,带来结构的不合理受力。论文通过分析实验室支座试验、现场加载试验实测数据,结合《铁路桥隧建筑物劣化评定标准》和江苏省地方标准《公路桥梁橡胶支座病害评定技术标准》,提出了板式橡胶支座损伤等级评定标准。
[Abstract]:As an important component in bridge engineering, the performance of support is related to the safety of bridge structure. In recent years, with the wide use of bearings, there have been a variety of different diseases, such as rubber aging phenomenon and product quality problems. In addition, they also include the design of bearings, the selection and arrangement of supports, the construction and installation of supports. Support damage caused by unreasonable inspection and maintenance in the course of operation. However, as an important component of bridge structure, the damage degree of bearing belongs to hidden engineering, so it is difficult to detect and judge the damage degree. Therefore, the influence of bearing failure on bridge structure and failure standard are studied. In this paper, through the investigation of bearing diseases, the types of bearing diseases are summarized, and then the deterioration process of bearings and the mechanism of all kinds of diseases are analyzed. It provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent study of bearing damage. In this paper, the 20m simply supported T beam is selected, and the finite element model is used to simulate the static and dynamic effects of different reduction coefficients on the bridge structure under the condition that the stiffness reduction and stiffness loss are 0.8 and 0.6, 0.4 and 0.4, respectively. the static and dynamic effects of different reduction coefficients on the bridge structure are compared and analyzed. Taking the vertical reaction value of rubber bearing, longitudinal shear stress of pavement layer, transverse shear stress of pavement layer, vertical displacement and maximum stress of T beam as indexes, the effect values are compared and analyzed. At the same time, 20m simply supported hollow slab beam and 3 脳 40m continuous T beam are selected to simulate the influence of partial bearing failure on adjacent supports by finite element model, and the different bridge structure types are analyzed under different dead load and live load conditions. The influence of the failure of the middle support and the side support on the support force of the adjacent supports. It is concluded that the complete failure of some supports has a great influence on the support reaction force of simply supported beam bridge or continuous beam bridge, and the maximum increase of bearing reaction force is nearly three times, which may lead to the crushing disease of bearing. Moreover, the complete failure of some supports will also have a great influence on the negative bending moment of the continuous beam bridge at the top of the pier, which will lead to the unreasonable force of the structure. Based on the analysis of laboratory bearing test and field loading test data, combined with the Evaluation Standard of Railway Bridge and Tunnel structure deterioration and Jiangsu Province Local Standard of Highway Bridge Rubber bearing Disease Assessment Technical Standard, The evaluation standard of damage grade of plate rubber bearing is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U441

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