基于协同与仿真的某内河港口集装箱码头联合调度优化研究

发布时间：2019-05-24 06:56

【摘要】：协同装卸作业能够有效提高集卡和岸桥的利用效率,单作业循环减少设备50%的空载运行成本,因此该理论在大型港口的集卡路径优化、集装箱同贝位同步装卸和堆码序列等问题上得到了广泛的研究。但中小型港口堆场布局简单,不涉及复杂的集卡调度和路径选择,停靠船舶较小,不适合进行同贝位同步装卸,因此该理论在中小型港口中的应用一直较少。近年来国际经济形势严峻,在外向型经济向内向型经济转变的过程当中,内河的中小型港口发展在政策上得到了更多的关注,但是目前,绝大多数内河港口的作业调度仍然依靠人工进行,设备尤其是集卡的利用率较低,作业成本居高不下。而内河港口的这种情况恰与协同装卸理论的应用背景相吻合。因此,本文根据我国南方某重要的内河港口Q港的实际情况和作业特点,在其集装箱码头的作业调度上引入了协同装卸理论,并将该理论延伸到了泊位分配领域,提出了基于协同装卸率最高的调度优化数学模型,以计算集装箱船舶的靠泊序列和时间序列；然后设计了改进的遗传算法,采用了可变惩罚优化和基于滑动窗口的交叉算子,确保了算法的收敛效率和结果的质量；随后根据对Q港的实地调研数据,考虑模型的通用性,基于面向对象方法构建出Q港集装箱码头作业调度系统仿真模型。本文最后将两则实际算例应用于数学模型和仿真模型,经过对计算结果和运行结果的分析比对,发现新的调度优化方法相比于原先的先到先服务和独立装卸作业,具有提高协同装卸率、降低集卡空驶距离、节约燃油成本、加强设备集中使用、减少港内交通流量、缓解系统瓶颈等诸多优势。同时新的优化方法也将协同装卸理论的研究延伸到了泊位分配领域,给内河港口提供了应用协同装卸作业理论的抓手。
[Abstract]:Cooperative loading and unloading operation can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of card collection and shore bridge, and reduce the no-load operation cost by 50% of the equipment cycle, so the theory can optimize the card collection path in large ports. The synchronous loading and unloading of containers with shellfish position and stacking sequence have been widely studied. However, the layout of small and medium-sized port yard is simple, which does not involve complex card scheduling and path selection, and the docking ship is small, so it is not suitable for synchronous loading and unloading with shellfish position, so the application of this theory in small and medium-sized ports has been less. In recent years, the international economic situation is grim. In the process of the transformation from export-oriented economy to introverted economy, the development of small and medium-sized ports in inland rivers has received more attention in policy, but at present, The operation scheduling of most inland waterway ports still depends on labor, the utilization rate of equipment, especially the collection card is low, and the activity cost is high. This situation of inland waterway port coincides with the application background of cooperative loading and unloading theory. Therefore, according to the actual situation and operation characteristics of Q port, an important inland river port in the south of China, this paper introduces the cooperative loading and unloading theory into the operation scheduling of its container terminal, and extends the theory to the field of berth allocation. A mathematical model of scheduling optimization based on the highest cooperative loading and unloading rate is proposed to calculate the berthing sequence and time series of container ships. Then an improved genetic algorithm is designed, which adopts variable penalty optimization and cross operator based on sliding window to ensure the convergence efficiency of the algorithm and the quality of the results. Then, according to the field investigation data of Q port and considering the generality of the model, the simulation model of Q port container terminal operation scheduling system is constructed based on object-oriented method. At the end of this paper, two practical examples are applied to the mathematical model and the simulation model. Through the analysis and comparison between the calculated results and the operation results, it is found that the new scheduling optimization method is compared with the original first-come-first-served and independent loading and unloading operations. It has many advantages, such as improving the cooperative loading and unloading rate, reducing the empty driving distance of the card, saving fuel cost, strengthening the centralized use of equipment, reducing the traffic flow in the port, alleviating the bottleneck of the system and so on. At the same time, the new optimization method also extends the research of collaborative loading and unloading theory to the field of berth allocation, which provides a starting point for inland waterway ports to apply the theory of collaborative loading and unloading.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U691.3

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