老城区微循环路网的单向交通组织优化研究
发布时间：2019-05-29 18:19
【摘要】：随着社会和经济的迅速发展,在西方城市化过程中发生的交通拥挤、堵塞等问题也开始在我国各大城市中出现,城市老城区的道路交通问题更是成为城市交通问题中的难点,如果得不到有效解决和根本治理,必将制约城市的经济发展和现代化进程。单向交通管理措施是一种经济、有效的交通管制措施,能够有效缓解城市交通拥挤,充分利用现有城市道路网容量。因此,针对城市老城区微循环路网的交通特征,寻求合理单向交通组织方式对提高交通运行质量具有重大意义。本文依托《北太平庄街道交通组织优化》课题,对项目中主要负责的单向交通组织优化部分进行了拓展和延伸。论文主要工作体现在:(1)明确了老城区、微循环路网、单向交通三者的概念,并从老城区的交通特性出发,分析了在微循环路网设置单向交通的必要性,细致归纳了单向交通的网络模式特性、组织办法以及优势和不利影响,重点为单向交通定向提供了分析思路。同时提出了一套较为系统、完整的单向交通组织优化方案设计流程,为优化方案的提出提供基础理论支撑。(2)以实地调研与交通调查成果为基础,介绍了北京市北太平庄南部片区的基本情况,包括区域交通问题、路网格局、路段交通量及空间分布情况等。同时,在道路通行能力折减中考虑了老城区复杂道路交通环境的影响,得到了现状路网的各道路路段饱和度及道路服务水平,并分析比较了早晚高峰交通流的空间分布,为优化方案的提出提供数据支撑。(3)综合考虑北太平庄南部片区的实际情况,从路网形态、道路条件、交通需求以及公共交通四方面分析了单向交通组织在该区域的适应性,并从交通矛盾突出的支路和各具特点的胡同路两方面入手,提出设置单向路段备选集,最后形成与区域路网和交通特征相适应的单向交通组织优化方案。(4)利用TransCAD对优化方案效果进行模拟分析,从路段交通量、饱和度分布、道路服务水平改善、路段行程时间、绕行距离的角度对方案进行宏观角度的效果评价,最终得出结论:该方案实现了路网流量的均衡化,疏解了拥堵路段,同时未对周边道路增加过多交通负荷,即单向交通组织优化方案为合理、可行的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society and economy, the problems of traffic congestion and congestion in the process of urbanization in the West have also begun to appear in the major cities of our country, and the road traffic problem in the old urban areas has become a difficult point in the urban traffic problems. If there is no effective solution and fundamental governance, the economic development and modernization process of the city will be restricted. One-way traffic management measure is an economic and effective traffic control measure, which can effectively alleviate urban traffic congestion and make full use of the capacity of the existing urban road network. Therefore, according to the traffic characteristics of microcirculatory road network in the old urban area, it is of great significance to find a reasonable one-way traffic organization to improve the quality of traffic operation. Based on the subject of Beipingzhuang Street Traffic Organization Optimization, this paper expands and extends the one-way traffic organization optimization part which is mainly responsible for the project. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the concepts of old urban area, microcirculatory network and one-way traffic are clarified, and the necessity of setting up one-way traffic in microcirculatory road network is analyzed according to the traffic characteristics of the old urban area. The network mode characteristics, organization methods, advantages and disadvantages of one-way traffic are summarized in detail, with emphasis on the analysis of one-way traffic orientation. At the same time, a set of systematic and complete design flow of one-way traffic organization optimization scheme is put forward, which provides basic theory support for the optimization scheme. (2) based on the results of field investigation and traffic investigation, This paper introduces the basic situation of the southern area of Beipingzhuang in Beijing, including regional traffic problems, road network pattern, road section traffic volume and spatial distribution. At the same time, the influence of complex road traffic environment in the old urban area is considered in the reduction of road capacity, the saturation and road service level of each road section of the current road network are obtained, and the spatial distribution of morning and evening peak traffic flow is analyzed and compared. It provides data support for the proposal of the optimization scheme. (3) considering the actual situation in the southern part of Beipingzhuang, from the shape of the road network and the road conditions, This paper analyzes the adaptability of one-way traffic organization in this area from four aspects of traffic demand and public transport, and puts forward the alternative collection of one-way road section from two aspects: the branch road with prominent traffic contradiction and the Hutong road with its own characteristics. Finally, a one-way traffic organization optimization scheme suitable for regional road network and traffic characteristics is formed. (4) the effect of the optimization scheme is simulated and analyzed by using TransCAD, and the traffic volume, saturation distribution and road service level are improved. The macroscopic effect of the scheme is evaluated from the angle of travel time and detour distance. Finally, it is concluded that the scheme realizes the balance of road network flow, relieves the congested road section, and does not increase the traffic load on the surrounding road at the same time. That is, the optimization scheme of one-way traffic organization is reasonable and feasible.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society and economy, the problems of traffic congestion and congestion in the process of urbanization in the West have also begun to appear in the major cities of our country, and the road traffic problem in the old urban areas has become a difficult point in the urban traffic problems. If there is no effective solution and fundamental governance, the economic development and modernization process of the city will be restricted. One-way traffic management measure is an economic and effective traffic control measure, which can effectively alleviate urban traffic congestion and make full use of the capacity of the existing urban road network. Therefore, according to the traffic characteristics of microcirculatory road network in the old urban area, it is of great significance to find a reasonable one-way traffic organization to improve the quality of traffic operation. Based on the subject of Beipingzhuang Street Traffic Organization Optimization, this paper expands and extends the one-way traffic organization optimization part which is mainly responsible for the project. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the concepts of old urban area, microcirculatory network and one-way traffic are clarified, and the necessity of setting up one-way traffic in microcirculatory road network is analyzed according to the traffic characteristics of the old urban area. The network mode characteristics, organization methods, advantages and disadvantages of one-way traffic are summarized in detail, with emphasis on the analysis of one-way traffic orientation. At the same time, a set of systematic and complete design flow of one-way traffic organization optimization scheme is put forward, which provides basic theory support for the optimization scheme. (2) based on the results of field investigation and traffic investigation, This paper introduces the basic situation of the southern area of Beipingzhuang in Beijing, including regional traffic problems, road network pattern, road section traffic volume and spatial distribution. At the same time, the influence of complex road traffic environment in the old urban area is considered in the reduction of road capacity, the saturation and road service level of each road section of the current road network are obtained, and the spatial distribution of morning and evening peak traffic flow is analyzed and compared. It provides data support for the proposal of the optimization scheme. (3) considering the actual situation in the southern part of Beipingzhuang, from the shape of the road network and the road conditions, This paper analyzes the adaptability of one-way traffic organization in this area from four aspects of traffic demand and public transport, and puts forward the alternative collection of one-way road section from two aspects: the branch road with prominent traffic contradiction and the Hutong road with its own characteristics. Finally, a one-way traffic organization optimization scheme suitable for regional road network and traffic characteristics is formed. (4) the effect of the optimization scheme is simulated and analyzed by using TransCAD, and the traffic volume, saturation distribution and road service level are improved. The macroscopic effect of the scheme is evaluated from the angle of travel time and detour distance. Finally, it is concluded that the scheme realizes the balance of road network flow, relieves the congested road section, and does not increase the traffic load on the surrounding road at the same time. That is, the optimization scheme of one-way traffic organization is reasonable and feasible.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491
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