基于可修排队系统及碳排放的集装箱码头闸口优化

发布时间：2019-06-01 14:57

【摘要】：随着集装箱码头吞吐量的持续增长和船舶的不断大型化,闸口通过能力与货物运输需求不匹配已成为集装箱码头发展的瓶颈,闸口拥堵成为部分集装箱码头的常态化问题。如何科学合理地规划闸口的通道数量,协调好闸口通道数与集卡到达率、闸口服务率、故障率和修复率的关系,是提高码头运输服务水平、保障港口发展空间的关键。本研究在综合分析集装箱码头闸口系统作业特征的基础上,应用可修排队系统理论,建立闸口处车辆平均排队长度、平均故障通道数与集卡到达率、闸口服务率、闸口故障率和修复率的关系。根据码头闸口和集卡的能耗,将闸口作业系统的碳排放进行量化。在此基础上,分析集装箱码头闸口工作时的运营成本、故障时的维修成本,集卡排队的时间成本、燃油成本,以及闸口作业系统的碳排放成本,以计算期内闸口作业系统总成本最小为目标,以可修排队系统的稳态平衡条件为约束,构建考虑碳排放的集装箱码头闸口优化模型。最后,以某集装箱码头为例,计算不同集卡到达率下的最优进港闸口通道数,并对模型参数进行影响分析。研究结果表明：碳排放成本与总成本的量级相差较大,但存在最优的闸口通道数,使碳排放成本与总成本同时达到最小；集卡到达率、闸口服务率、故障率、维修率在一定区间内变化时,闸口系统的最优闸口通道数不变；集卡到达率对最优闸口通道数的影响比较稳定,闸口服务率越小,其对最优闸口通道数的影响越显著,闸口修复率对最优闸口通道数的影响比故障率的影响更为显著。
[Abstract]:With the continuous growth of container terminal throughput and the continuous large-scale of ships, the mismatch between gate passing capacity and cargo transportation demand has become the bottleneck of container terminal development, and gate congestion has become the norm of some container terminals. How to plan the number of gate channels scientifically and reasonably and coordinate the relationship between the number of gate channels and the arrival rate of collection card, gate service rate, failure rate and repair rate is the key to improve the level of wharf transportation service and ensure the development space of port. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the operation characteristics of container terminal gate system, this paper applies the theory of repairable queuing system to establish the average queue length of vehicles at the gate, the average number of fault channels, the arrival rate of collection card and the service rate of gate. The relationship between gate failure rate and repair rate. According to the energy consumption of gate and collector, the carbon emission of gate operation system is quantified. On this basis, the operating cost of container terminal gate, the maintenance cost in the event of failure, the time cost of card queue, the fuel cost and the carbon emission cost of gate operation system are analyzed. In order to minimize the total cost of gate operation system during the calculation period and constrained by the steady state balance condition of repairable queuing system, a container terminal gate optimization model considering carbon emission is constructed. Finally, taking a container terminal as an example, the optimal number of entrance gate channels under different card arrival rates is calculated, and the influence of the model parameters is analyzed. The results show that the order of magnitude of carbon emission cost is quite different from that of total cost, but there is an optimal number of gate channels, which minimizes the cost of carbon emission and the total cost at the same time. When the arrival rate of the collection card, the service rate of the gate, the failure rate and the maintenance rate change in a certain range, the optimal number of gate channels of the gate system remains unchanged. The influence of the arrival rate of the collector card on the optimal number of gate channels is stable, and the smaller the gate service rate is, the more significant the influence on the optimal number of gate channels is, and the influence of the gate repair rate on the optimal number of gate channels is more significant than that of the failure rate.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U691.3;U656.135

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