基于MFD的交通诱导与边界控制协同方法研究

发布时间：2019-06-03 19:47

【摘要】：城市化和机动化的发展导致交通拥堵成为诸多城市面临的棘手问题。在宏观交通网络中,尽管许多复杂算法应用于解决路网交通控制问题,但由于很难获得精确的OD数据,导致这些方法难以应用在实时的控制环境中,路网宏观基本图(Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram,MFD)恰好可以规避这一问题,而且其存在性被证实为在交通控制领域的推广应用提供了契机。传统的研究结果表明,交通诱导与信号控制是解决交通拥堵的两大有效手段。基于此,本文依托国家自然科学青年基金项目“基于时空检测的拥堵交通网络本征提取及快速疏散算法研究(No.61304195)”与安徽省自然科学基金资助项目“拥堵交通网络空间态势转换机理及其快速疏散研究(No.1408085QF111)”,提出了一种基于MFD的交通诱导与边界控制协同方法来解决大型交通网络的拥堵问题,最后通过案例分析部分进行验证。本文研究的主要内容为:(1)根据影响MFD曲线的因素“车流密度”,将宏观路网进行MFD子区划分,根据划分后多个MFD子区间邻接关系和交通量流入流出率之间的关系,建立了路网车流平衡方程;(2)基于时空检测数据,对路网中道路节点和路段拥堵状态进行了分析,并以此为基础建立了城市交通网络瓶颈识别与分类模型,根据路网关键路段拥堵与子区MFD曲线的关系,对交通诱导与边界控制协同时机进行决策;(3)根据驾驶员路径选择方式,通过SP调查建立了驾驶员路径服从率的Logistic模型,提出了基于MFD子区的交通诱导方法;以边界信号控制交叉口为控制对象,提出了调整交叉口信号灯绿信比的边界控制方法。进而得到了面向多个MFD子区的交通诱导与边界控制协同方法,最终建立了以整个路网旅行车辆完成流率最大、平均行程时间和平均延误最小的多目标边界协调优化模型,并通过自适应遗传算法对多目标函数进行求解。以某市路网为例,将具有MFD的宏观路网划分为4个MFD子区系统,通过比较本文提出的交通诱导与边界控制协同、只采用边界控制和无诱导与控制三种方法的控制效果。结果表明:宏观交通诱导与控制协同方法比单独采用边界控制及无边界控制条件下的作用明显,交通诱导与边界控制协同方法更好的解决了MFD子区的拥堵问题,能够有效地提高宏观交通网络的通行效率。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization and motorization, traffic congestion has become a thorny problem faced by many cities. In macro traffic network, although many complex algorithms are applied to solve the problem of road network traffic control, because it is difficult to obtain accurate OD data, these methods are difficult to be applied to real-time control environment, and the macro basic diagram (Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram, of road network is difficult to be applied. MFD) can just avoid this problem, and its existence has been proved to provide an opportunity for its popularization and application in the field of traffic control. The traditional research results show that traffic guidance and signal control are two effective means to solve traffic congestion. Based on this, This paper relies on the National Natural Science Youth Foundation project "Research on intrinsic extraction and rapid evacuation algorithm of congestion traffic network based on space-time detection (No.61304195)" and the project supported by Anhui Natural Science Foundation "Traffic congestion network". Study on the Mechanism of Spatial situation Transformation and its Rapid evacuation (No.1408085QF111) ", A collaborative method of traffic guidance and boundary control based on MFD is proposed to solve the congestion problem in large traffic networks. Finally, the case analysis is carried out to verify the problem. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) according to the factor "traffic flow density" that affects the MFD curve, the macro road network is divided into MFD subregions, according to the relationship between the adjoining relationship of multiple MFD subregions and the inflow and outflow rate of traffic volume. The equilibrium equation of traffic flow in road network is established. (2) based on the space-time detection data, the congestion state of road nodes and road sections in the road network is analyzed, and the bottleneck identification and classification model of urban traffic network is established. According to the relationship between congestion in key sections of road network and MFD curve in sub-area, the cooperative timing of traffic guidance and boundary control is made. (3) according to the way of driver path selection, the Logistic model of driver path obedience rate is established through SP investigation, and the traffic guidance method based on Logistic sub-area is put forward. Taking the intersection controlled by boundary signal as the control object, a boundary control method for adjusting the green signal ratio of signal light at intersection is proposed. Furthermore, a collaborative method of traffic guidance and boundary control for multiple MFD subregions is obtained, and a multi-objective boundary coordination optimization model with the largest completion rate, the minimum average travel time and the least average delay of the whole road network travel vehicle is established. The multi-objective function is solved by adaptive genetic algorithm. Taking the road network of a city as an example, the macro road network with MFD is divided into four MFD sub-area systems. By comparing the cooperation between traffic guidance and boundary control proposed in this paper, only boundary control and no induction and control are used. The results show that the macro traffic guidance and control coordination method plays an obvious role than the boundary control alone and the boundary control method alone, and the traffic guidance and boundary control coordination method can better solve the congestion problem in the sub-area of MFD. the results show that the cooperative method of traffic guidance and control plays an important role in the condition of boundary control and boundary control alone. It can effectively improve the traffic efficiency of macro traffic network.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U495

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