基于动态响应的路面结构优化分析
发布时间：2019-06-03 21:00
【摘要】：由路面不平度引起的车辆振动会造成路面的破坏,而路面的破坏又会加剧车辆的振动,这就形成了车辆-路面耦合振动系统。目前路面的设计方法把车辆荷载当作静载处理,虽考虑了一定的安全系数,但不能全面的反映路面的受力状况。本文依托于河北省交通科学基金项目,从时域和频域两个方面出发,系统研究了路面动态响应的影响因素,相应结论能为路面结构的优化设计提供参考。具体工作内容如下:1、对比分析了不同路面不平度的模拟方法,选取谐波叠加法仿真生成了不同等级的路面。2、通过对不同车辆模型的分析比较,选取两自由度的四分之一车辆模型进行模拟,建立了振动微分方程,采用Newmark-β法对其进行了求解。运用ANSYS有限元软件构建了四分之一车辆模型,仿真了车辆行驶于不平整路面的过程,简化了车辆随机荷载的求解,并讨论了路面等级对车辆随机荷载的影响。3、选取刚性路面为研究对象,通过计算和论证,建立了符合实际的三维路面有限元模型。在时域信号的研究中,将求得的车辆随机荷载施加于已建立的路面模型上,重点讨论了结构层参数对路面动位移和面层层底拉应力的影响规律,通过对计算结果的分析研究,提出了较优的结构层参数组合。4、提出在路面有限元模型上施加瞬态冲击荷载,通过对提取的加速度信号进行频谱分析来求解路面基频的方法,并与传统的模态分析方法进行了比较。结果表明:模态分析的计算结果依赖于有限模型的尺寸,不能反映路面的振动情况,而车辆-路面耦合振动方法是通过对加速度信号的处理得出路面的基频值,能体现路面的动态特性,所以车辆-路面耦合振动方法求解的路面基频更符合实际。5、借助MATLAB有限元软件,通过求解车辆随机荷载功率谱密度得出其主频,并分析了不同因素对车辆随机荷载主频的影响规律;采用车辆-路面耦合振动的方法求解了路面基频,并分析了各因素对路面基频的影响规律;计算了不同车辆随机荷载主频和路面基频下路面的动态响应值,通过对计算结果的分析,提出减小路面受迫振动的设计意见。
[Abstract]:The vehicle vibration caused by pavement roughness will cause the damage of pavement, and the damage of pavement will aggravate the vibration of vehicle, which forms the coupling vibration system of vehicle and pavement. At present, the design method of pavement takes vehicle load as static load treatment, although a certain safety factor is considered, but it can not reflect the stress condition of pavement in an all-round way. Based on the traffic science fund project of Hebei Province, this paper systematically studies the influencing factors of pavement dynamic response from two aspects of time domain and frequency domain, and the corresponding conclusions can provide reference for the optimization design of pavement structure. The specific work contents are as follows: 1, the simulation methods of different pavement roughness are compared and analyzed, and the harmonic superposition method is selected to simulate and generate different grades of pavement. 2, through the analysis and comparison of different vehicle models, The 1/4 vehicle model with two degrees of freedom is selected to simulate, and the differential equation of vibration is established and solved by Newmark- 尾 method. The 1/4 vehicle model is constructed by using ANSYS finite element software, and the process of driving on the uneven road is simulated, which simplifies the solution of the random load of the vehicle, and discusses the influence of the pavement grade on the random load of the vehicle. The rigid pavement is selected as the research object, and the 3D finite element model of pavement is established through calculation and demonstration. In the study of time domain signal, the obtained vehicle random load is applied to the established pavement model, and the influence of structural layer parameters on the dynamic displacement of pavement and the tensile stress at the bottom of the pavement is discussed emphatically. through the analysis and study of the calculation results, A better combination of structural layer parameters is proposed. 4, a method is proposed to solve the fundamental frequency of pavement by applying transient impact load on the finite element model of pavement and analyzing the spectrum of the extracted acceleration signal. It is compared with the traditional modal analysis method. The results show that the calculation results of modal analysis depend on the size of the finite model and can not reflect the vibration of the pavement, while the vehicle-pavement coupling vibration method obtains the fundamental frequency value of the pavement by processing the acceleration signal. It can reflect the dynamic characteristics of pavement, so the fundamental frequency of pavement solved by vehicle-pavement coupling vibration method is more in line with the reality. 5. With the help of MATLAB finite element software, the main frequency is obtained by solving the power spectral density of vehicle random load. The influence of different factors on the main frequency of vehicle random load is analyzed. The vehicle-pavement coupling vibration method is used to solve the pavement fundamental frequency, and the influence of each factor on the pavement fundamental frequency is analyzed. The dynamic response values of pavement under the main frequency of random load and the fundamental frequency of pavement are calculated. Through the analysis of the calculation results, the design suggestions to reduce the forced vibration of pavement are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U416.2
本文编号：2492216
[Abstract]:The vehicle vibration caused by pavement roughness will cause the damage of pavement, and the damage of pavement will aggravate the vibration of vehicle, which forms the coupling vibration system of vehicle and pavement. At present, the design method of pavement takes vehicle load as static load treatment, although a certain safety factor is considered, but it can not reflect the stress condition of pavement in an all-round way. Based on the traffic science fund project of Hebei Province, this paper systematically studies the influencing factors of pavement dynamic response from two aspects of time domain and frequency domain, and the corresponding conclusions can provide reference for the optimization design of pavement structure. The specific work contents are as follows: 1, the simulation methods of different pavement roughness are compared and analyzed, and the harmonic superposition method is selected to simulate and generate different grades of pavement. 2, through the analysis and comparison of different vehicle models, The 1/4 vehicle model with two degrees of freedom is selected to simulate, and the differential equation of vibration is established and solved by Newmark- 尾 method. The 1/4 vehicle model is constructed by using ANSYS finite element software, and the process of driving on the uneven road is simulated, which simplifies the solution of the random load of the vehicle, and discusses the influence of the pavement grade on the random load of the vehicle. The rigid pavement is selected as the research object, and the 3D finite element model of pavement is established through calculation and demonstration. In the study of time domain signal, the obtained vehicle random load is applied to the established pavement model, and the influence of structural layer parameters on the dynamic displacement of pavement and the tensile stress at the bottom of the pavement is discussed emphatically. through the analysis and study of the calculation results, A better combination of structural layer parameters is proposed. 4, a method is proposed to solve the fundamental frequency of pavement by applying transient impact load on the finite element model of pavement and analyzing the spectrum of the extracted acceleration signal. It is compared with the traditional modal analysis method. The results show that the calculation results of modal analysis depend on the size of the finite model and can not reflect the vibration of the pavement, while the vehicle-pavement coupling vibration method obtains the fundamental frequency value of the pavement by processing the acceleration signal. It can reflect the dynamic characteristics of pavement, so the fundamental frequency of pavement solved by vehicle-pavement coupling vibration method is more in line with the reality. 5. With the help of MATLAB finite element software, the main frequency is obtained by solving the power spectral density of vehicle random load. The influence of different factors on the main frequency of vehicle random load is analyzed. The vehicle-pavement coupling vibration method is used to solve the pavement fundamental frequency, and the influence of each factor on the pavement fundamental frequency is analyzed. The dynamic response values of pavement under the main frequency of random load and the fundamental frequency of pavement are calculated. Through the analysis of the calculation results, the design suggestions to reduce the forced vibration of pavement are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U416.2
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